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The recently proposed PT-symmetric quantum mechanics works with complex potentials which possess, roughly speaking, a symmetric real part and an anti-symmetric imaginary part. We propose and describe a new exactly solvable model of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Miloslav Znojil

Realistic quantum mechanics based on complex probability theory is shown to have a frequency interpretation, to coexist with Bell's theorem, to be linear, to include wavefunctions which are expansions in eigenfunctions of Hermitian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 S. Youssef

We propose giving the mathematical concept of the pseudospectrum a central role in quantum mechanics with non-Hermitian operators. We relate pseudospectral properties to quasi-Hermiticity, similarity to self-adjoint operators, and basis…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-30 D. Krejcirik , P. Siegl , M. Tater , J. Viola

The parity-time-reversal- ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric quantum mechanics (PTQM) has developed into a noteworthy area of research. However, to date most known studies of PTQM focused on the spectral properties of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Jiangbin Gong , Qing-hai Wang

We prove that in finite dimensions, a Parity-Time (PT)-symmetric Hamiltonian is necessarily pseudo-Hermitian regardless of whether it is diagonalizable or not. This result is different from Mostafazadeh's, which requires the Hamiltonian to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Ruili Zhang , Hong Qin , Jianyuan Xiao

The explorations of the quantum-inspired symmetries in optical and photonic systems have witnessed immense research interests both fundamentally and technologically in a wide range of subjects of physics and engineering. One of the…

Theories described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are known to possess strictly positive energy eigenvalues and exhibit unitary time evolution if the Hamiltonian is symmetric under discrete parity and time (PT) transformation. In this work,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-04 Jeffrey Kuntz

During the recent developments of quantum theory it has been clarified that the observable quantities (like energy or position) may be represented by operators (with real spectra) which are manifestly non-Hermitian. The mathematical…

Parity-Time (PT) symmetric quantum mechanics is a complex extension of conventional Hermitian quantum mechanics in which physical observables possess a real eigenvalue spectrum. However, an experimental demonstration of the true quantum…

The current applications of non-Hermitian but ${\cal PT}-$symmetric Hamiltonians $H$ cover several, mutually not too closely connected subdomains of quantum physics. Mathematically, the split between the open and closed systems can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Miloslav Znojil

We review some surprising links which have been discovered in the last few years between the theory of certain ordinary differential equations, and particular integrable lattice models and quantum field theories in two dimensions. An…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Dorey , C. Dunning , A. Millican-Slater , R. Tateo

We develop further the concept of generalized extended momentum operator (GEMO), which has been introduced very recently in \citep{M.H2}, and propose the so called $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric GEMO. In analogy with GEMO, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-09 M. Izadparast , S. Habib Mazharimousavi

Sturmian bound states emerging at a fixed energy and numbered by a complete set of real eigencouplings are considered. For Sturm-Schroedinger equations which are manifestly non-Hermitian we outline the way along which the correct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-25 Miloslav Znojil

We are focused on the idea that observables in quantum physics are a bit more than just hermitian operators and that this is, in general, a "tricky business". The origin of this idea comes from the fact that there is a subtle difference…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-21 Tajron Jurić

This paper reports the results of an ongoing in-depth analysis of the classical trajectories of the class of non-Hermitian $PT$-symmetric Hamiltonians $H=p^2+ x^2(ix)^\varepsilon$ ($\varepsilon\geq0$). A variety of phenomena, heretofore…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-03-09 Carl M. Bender , Daniel W. Hook

Complex extension of quantum mechanics and the discovery of pseudo-unitarily invariant random matrix theory has set the stage for a number of applications of these concepts in physics. We briefly review the basic ideas and present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-13 Shashi. C. L. Srivastava , S. R. Jain

$PT$ symmetric quantum mechanics for a particle trapped by the generalized non-Hermitian harmonic oscillator potential is studied. It is shown that energy and the expectation value of the position operator $x$ can not be real…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Yuce , A. Kurt , A. Kucukaslan

A series of geometric concepts are formulated for $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric quantum mechanics and they are further unified into one entity, i.e., an extended quantum geometric tensor (QGT). The imaginary part of the extended QGT gives a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-10 Da-Jian Zhang , Qing-hai Wang , Jiangbin Gong

Unitarity is a cornerstone of quantum theory, ensuring the conservation of probability and information. Although non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are typically associated with open or dissipative systems, pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanics shows…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-03 Ruifeng Leng , Cheng-Yang Lee , Siyi Zhou

This is a series of 5 lectures around the common subject of the construction of self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators and its applications to Quantum Physics. We will try to offer a brief account of some recent ideas in the theory…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-02-19 A. Ibort , J. M. Perez-Pardo
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