Related papers: Converting energy from fusion into useful forms
A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the kinetic and thermal behaviour of a porous solid pellet undergoing chemical reaction with a gas. The model describes the chemical reaction itself, the transfer of the gaseous species…
A neutrino factory or muon collider requires the capture and cooling of a large number of muons. Scenarios for capture, bunching, phase-energy rotation and initial cooling of {\mu}'s produced from a proton source target have been developed,…
Quantum technology promises revolutionizing applications in information processing, communications, sensing, and modelling. However, efficient on-demand cooling of the functional quantum degrees of freedom remains a major challenge in many…
Nuclear reactors are often modeled as inflexible baseload generators with fixed downtimes and restrictive ramping constraints. In practice, however, a reactor's operational flexibility is closely tied to its fuel cycle and associated…
There is a strong motivation to develop high-power output nuclear fission reactors (around 1 MWe) for space applications, such as high-payload missions and long-duration missions beyond Mars, where the reduced solar flux makes using…
Muon colliders and neutrino factories are attractive options for future facilities aimed at achieving the highest lepton-antilepton collision energies and precision measurements of Higgs boson and neutrino mixing matrix parameters. The…
This paper presents a unified optimization framework for phase change material (PCM) based cooling systems. Thermal management is critical in applications such as photovoltaic (PV) modules, battery packs, and power electronics, where…
The effect of neutrino cooling of possible primary regions filled by the hot matter is discussed. Such regions could contain the primordial density inhomogeneities of different origin and survive up to modern epoch. We show that the final…
The design of uranium-based thermoelectric materials presents a novel and intriguing strategy for directly converting nuclear heat into electrical power. Using high-level first-principles approach combined with accurate solution of…
For experiments that require a quantum system to be in the ultra-cold regime, laser cooling is an essential tool. While techniques for laser cooling ions and neutral atoms have been refined and temperatures below the Doppler limit have been…
From the steam engine to current nano-devices, the design of efficient thermal machines has been instrumental in modern societies. In its essence a thermal engine can be thought as a working substance, in contact with two or more baths,…
Microturbulence in magnetic confined plasmas contributes to energy exchange between particles of different species as well as the particle and heat fluxes. Although the effect of turbulent energy exchange has not been considered significant…
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of techniques which transfer trapped particles to very low temperatures. Here we focus our attention on a heating mechanism which contributes to the finite temperature limit…
We propose a novel molecular device that pumps heat against a thermal gradient. The system consists of a molecular element connecting two thermal reservoirs that are characterized by different spectral properties. The pumping action is…
A pair of systems at different temperatures is a classic environment for a heat engine, which produces work during the relaxation to a common equilibrium. It is generally believed that a direct interaction between the two systems will…
The difference between quantum isoenergetic process and quantum isothermal process comes from the violation of the law of equipartition of energy in the quantum regime. To reveal an important physical meaning of this fact, here we study a…
We consider cooling of neutron stars (NSs) with superfluid cores composed of neutrons, protons, and electrons (assuming singlet-state pairing of protons, and triplet-state pairing of neutrons). We mainly focus on (nonstandard) triplet-state…
We analyze the lowest achievable temperature for a mechanical oscillator (representing, for example, the motion of a single trapped ion) which is coupled with a driven quantum refrigerator. The refrigerator is composed of a parametrically…
Brownian heat engines use local temperature gradients in asymmetric potentials to move particles against an external force. The energy efficiency of such machines is generally limited by irreversible heat flow carried by particles that make…
We propose an approach for cooling both an artificial atom (e.g., a flux qubit) and its neighboring quantum system, the latter modeled by either a quantum two-level system or a quantum resonator. The flux qubit is cooled by manipulating its…