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Related papers: Arguments using ontological and causal knowledge

200 papers

Humans currently use arguments for explaining choices which are already made, or for evaluating potential choices. Each potential choice has usually pros and cons of various strengths. In spite of the usefulness of arguments in a decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Leila Amgoud , Henri Prade

We show that several interpretations of quantum mechanics admit an ontology of objects and events. This ontology reduces the breach between mind and matter. When humans act, their actions do not appear explainable in mechanical terms but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

Ontology is a popular method for knowledge representation in different domains, including the legal domain, and description logics (DL) is commonly used as its description language. To handle reasoning based on inconsistent DL-based legal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Zhe Yu , Yiwei Lu

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on enormous amounts of data and encode knowledge in their parameters. We propose a pipeline to elicit causal relationships from LLMs. Specifically, (i) we sample many documents from LLMs on a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Takashi Kameyama , Masahiro Kato , Yasuko Hio , Yasushi Takano , Naoto Minakawa

There is a brief description of the probabilistic causal graph model for representing, reasoning with, and learning causal structure using Bayesian networks. It is then argued that this model is closely related to how humans reason with and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Scott B. Morris , Doug Cork , Richard E. Neapolitan

A simple framework for reasoning under uncertainty and intervention is introduced. This is achieved in three steps. First, logic is restated in set-theoretic terms to obtain a framework for reasoning under certainty. Second, this framework…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-08-18 Pedro A. Ortega

Causal reasoning is a cornerstone of human intelligence and a critical capability for artificial systems aiming to achieve advanced understanding and decision-making. This thesis delves into various dimensions of causal reasoning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhijing Jin

We introduce a logic for reasoning about evidence that essentially views evidence as a function from prior beliefs (before making an observation) to posterior beliefs (after making the observation). We provide a sound and complete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

We introduce a logic for reasoning about evidence, that essentially views evidence as a function from prior beliefs (before making an observation) to posterior beliefs (after making the observation). We provide a sound and complete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-29 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

Causal reasoning is essential for business process interventions and improvement, requiring a clear understanding of causal relationships among activity execution times in an event log. Recent work introduced a method for discovering causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yuval David , Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Inna Skarbovsky

We address causal reasoning in multivariate time series data generated by stochastic processes. Existing approaches are largely restricted to static settings, ignoring the continuity and emission of variations across time. In contrast, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Mehdi Fatemi , Sindhu Gowda

Knowledge representation and reasoning has a long history of examining how knowledge can be formalized, interpreted, and semantically analyzed by machines. In the area of automated vehicles, recent advances suggest the ability to formalize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Lukas Westhofen , Christian Neurohr , Martin Butz , Maike Scholtes , Michael Schuldes

We present a definition of cause and effect in terms of decision-theoretic primitives and thereby provide a principled foundation for causal reasoning. Our definition departs from the traditional view of causation in that causal assertions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 D. Heckerman , R. Shachter

In the medical domain, the continuous stream of scientific research contains contradictory results supported by arguments and counter-arguments. As medical expertise occurs at different levels, part of the human agents have difficulties to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-28 Adrian Groza , Oana Popa

Causal reasoning is essential for understanding decision-making about the behaviour of complex `ecosystems' of systems that underpin modern society, with security -- including issues around correctness, safety, resilience, etc. -- typically…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Pinaki Chakraborty , Tristan Caulfield , David Pym

Explainability plays an increasingly important role in machine learning. Furthermore, humans view the world through a causal lens and thus prefer causal explanations over associational ones. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Xiaoxiao Wang , Fanyu Meng , Xin Liu , Zhaodan Kong , Xin Chen

Bayesian networks can be used to extract explanations about the observed state of a subset of variables. In this paper, we explicate the desiderata of an explanation and confront them with the concept of explanation proposed by existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Ulf Nielsen , Jean-Philippe Pellet , André Elisseeff

Research in Cognitive Science suggests that humans understand and represent knowledge of the world through causal relationships. In addition to observations, they can rely on experimenting and counterfactual reasoning -- i.e. referring to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Kanvaly Fadiga , Etienne Houzé , Ada Diaconescu , Jean-Louis Dessalles

In this paper we describe an architecture of a system that answer the question : Why did the accident happen? from the textual description of an accident. We present briefly the different parts of the architecture and then we describe with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Farid Nouioua

With recent advances in natural language processing, rationalization becomes an essential self-explaining diagram to disentangle the black box by selecting a subset of input texts to account for the major variation in prediction. Yet,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Wenbo Zhang , Tong Wu , Yunlong Wang , Yong Cai , Hengrui Cai