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Ill-posed inverse problems are ubiquitous in applications. Under- standing of algorithms for their solution has been greatly enhanced by a deep understanding of the linear inverse problem. In the applied communities ensemble-based filtering…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-08 Marco A. Iglesias , Kui Lin , Shuai Lu , Andrew M. Stuart

Chaos is ubiquitous in physical systems. The associated sensitivity to initial conditions is a significant obstacle in forecasting the weather and other geophysical fluid flows. Data assimilation is the process whereby the uncertainty in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-11-03 Alberto Carrassi , Marc Bocquet , Jonathan Demaeyer , Colin Grudzien , Patrick Raanes , Stephane Vannitsem

A new type of ensemble Kalman filter is developed, which is based on replacing the sample covariance in the analysis step by its diagonal in a spectral basis. It is proved that this technique improves the aproximation of the covariance when…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-19 Ivan Kasanický , Jan Mandel , Martin Vejmelka

Data assimilation involves estimating the state of a system by combining observations from various sources with a background estimate of the state. The weights given to the observations and background state depend on their specified error…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-13 Olivier Goux , Anthony Weaver , Selime Gürol , Oliver Guillet , Andrea Piacentini

Accurate estimation of error covariances (both background and observation) is crucial for efficient observation compression approaches in data assimilation of large-scale dynamical problems. We propose a new combination of a covariance…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-11 Sibo Cheng , Didier Lucor , Jean-Philippe Argaud

Data assimilation algorithms are used to estimate the states of a dynamical system using partial and noisy observations. The ensemble Kalman filter has become a popular data assimilation scheme due to its simplicity and robustness for a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Gottfried Hastermann , Maria Reinhardt , Rupert Klein , Sebastian Reich

Data assimilation (DA) integrates numerical model forecasts with observations to achieve the optimal state estimation. Ensemble-based methods, such as the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), are widely used for state estimation for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Zhou Yao , Zhilin Li , Li Zhao , Zeng Liu , Zhaokuan Lu , Seungnam Kim , Guangyao Wang

Reconstruction of turbulent flow based on data assimilation methods is of significant importance for improving the estimation of flow characteristics by incorporating limited observations. Existing works mainly focus on using only one…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-03-30 Xin-Lei Zhang , Heng Xiao , Guo-Wei He , Shi-Zhao Wang

In this paper, we introduce a new, local formulation of the ensemble Kalman Filter approach for atmospheric data assimilation. Our scheme is based on the hypothesis that, when the Earth's surface is divided up into local regions of moderate…

Modern data assimilation schemes typically use the same discrete dynamical model to evolve the state estimate in time also to approximate the evolution, or propagation, of the estimation error covariance. Ensemble-based methods, such as the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-25 Shay Gilpin

We present a sequential data assimilation algorithm based on the ensemble Kalman inversion to estimate the near-surface shear wave velocity profile and damping when heterogeneous data and a priori information that can be represented in…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-05-07 Elnaz Seylabi , Andrew Stuart , Domniki Asimaki

Data assimilation schemes are confronted with the presence of model errors arising from the imperfect description of atmospheric dynamics. These errors are usually modeled on the basis of simple assumptions such as bias, white noise, first…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Carrassi , S. Vannitsem , C. Nicolis

Stochastic parameterizations are increasingly being used to represent the uncertainty associated with model errors in ensemble forecasting and data assimilation. One of the challenges associated with the use of these parameterizations is…

Computation · Statistics 2019-10-23 Guillermo Scheffler , Juan Ruiz , Manuel Pulido

Data assimilation combines dynamical models with observations to improve state estimates. Ensemble filters sequentially assimilate observations by updating a set of samples over time, alternating between a forecast and an analysis step.…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-26 Mathieu Le Provost , Jan Glaubitz , Youssef Marzouk

Accurate data assimilation (DA) for systems with piecewise-smooth or discontinuous state variables remains a significant challenge, as conventional covariance-based ensemble Kalman filter approaches often fail to effectively balance…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Tongtong Li , Anne Gelb , Yoonsang Lee

Data assimilation is the task to combine evolution models and observational data in order to produce reliable predictions. In this paper, we focus on ensemble-based recursive data assimilation problems. Our main contribution is a hybrid…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-26 Nawinda Chustagulprom , Sebastian Reich , Maria Reinhardt

A parallel-in-time algorithm based on an augmented Lagrangian approach is proposed to solve four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation problems. The assimilation window is divided into multiple sub-intervals that allows to…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Vishwas Rao , Adrian Sandu

This study presents a novel approach to applying data assimilation techniques for particle-based simulations using the Ensemble Kalman Filter. While data assimilation methods have been effectively applied to Eulerian simulations, their…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Marius Duvillard , Loïc Giraldi , Olivier Le Maître

In order to leverage the information embedded in the background state and observations, covariance matrices modelling is a pivotal point in data assimilation algorithms. These matrices are often estimated from an ensemble of observations or…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-22 Sibo Cheng , Jean-Philippe Argaud , Bertrand Iooss , Didier Lucor , Angélique Ponçot

For oceanographic applications, probabilistic forecasts typically have to deal with i) high-dimensional complex models, and ii) very sparse spatial observations. In search-and-rescue operations at sea, for instance, the short-term…

Applications · Statistics 2023-02-15 Florian Beiser , Håvard Heitlo Holm , Jo Eidsvik