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Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) is a well-known NP-complete problem. Despite this theoretical hardness, SAT solvers based on Conflict Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) can solve large SAT instances from many important domains. CDCL learns clauses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Md Solimul Chowdhury , Martin Müller , Jia You

The CTL learning problem consists in finding for a given sample of positive and negative Kripke structures a distinguishing CTL formula that is verified by the former but not by the latter. Further constraints may bound the size and shape…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Adrien Pommellet , Daniel Stan , Simon Scatton

We propose bounded fitting as a scheme for learning description logic concepts in the presence of ontologies. A main advantage is that the resulting learning algorithms come with theoretical guarantees regarding their generalization to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Balder ten Cate , Maurice Funk , Jean Christoph Jung , Carsten Lutz

Propositional satisfiability (SAT) is one of the most fundamental problems in computer science. The worst-case hardness of SAT lies at the core of computational complexity theory. The average-case analysis of SAT has triggered the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Tobias Friedrich , Anton Krohmer , Ralf Rothenberger , Thomas Sauerwald , Andrew M. Sutton

Clause selection is arguably the most important choice point in saturation-based theorem proving. Framing it as a reinforcement learning (RL) task is a way to challenge the human-designed heuristics of state-of-the-art provers and to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Martin Suda

Existing methods provide varying algorithms for different types of Boolean satisfiability problems (SAT), lacking a general solution framework. Accordingly, this study proposes a unified framework DCSAT based on integer programming and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Anqi Li , Congying Han , Tiande Guo , Haoran Li , Bonan Li

A novel parallel algorithm for solving the classical Decision Boolean Satisfiability problem with clauses in conjunctive normal form is depicted. My approach for solving SAT is without using algebra or other computational search strategies…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Carlos Barrón-Romero

The practical success of Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solvers stems from the CDCL (Conflict-Driven Clause Learning) approach to SAT solving. However, from a propositional proof complexity perspective, CDCL is no more powerful than the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Alexey Ignatiev , Antonio Morgado , Joao Marques-Silva

Parity reasoning is challenging for Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) SAT solvers. This has been observed even for simple formulas encoding two contradictory parity constraints with different variable orders (Chew and Heule 2020). We…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Leroy Chew , Alexis de Colnet , Friedrich Slivovsky , Stefan Szeider

The problem of identifying a planted assignment given a random $k$-SAT formula consistent with the assignment exhibits a large algorithmic gap: while the planted solution becomes unique and can be identified given a formula with $O(n\log…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Vitaly Feldman , Will Perkins , Santosh Vempala

A previously developed quantum search algorithm for solving 1-SAT problems in a single step is generalized to apply to a range of highly constrained k-SAT problems. We identify a bound on the number of clauses in satisfiability problems for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 T. Hogg

There are two competing paradigms in successful SAT solvers: Conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) and stochastic local search (SLS). CDCL uses systematic exploration of the search space and has the ability to learn new clauses. SLS…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Jan-Hendrik Lorenz , Florian Wörz

SAT solvers are indispensable in formal verification for hardware and software with many important applications. CDCL is the most widely used framework for modern SAT solvers, and restart is an essential technique of CDCL. When restarting,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Xindi Zhang , Zhihan Chen , Shaowei Cai

Partly on the basis of heuristic arguments from physics it has been suggested that the performance of certain types of algorithms on random $k$-SAT formulas is linked to phase transitions that affect the geometry of the set of satisfying…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-17 Amin Coja-Oghlan , Amir Haqshenas , Samuel Hetterich

We present algorithms that learn certain classes of function-free recursive logic programs in polynomial time from equivalence queries. In particular, we show that a single k-ary recursive constant-depth determinate clause is learnable.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 W. W. Cohen

We study the counting version of the Boolean satisfiability problem #SAT using the ZH-calculus, a graphical language originally introduced to reason about quantum circuits. Using this, we generalize #SAT to a weighted variant we call…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Tuomas Laakkonen , Konstantinos Meichanetzidis , John van de Wetering

The analysis of the solving complexity of random 3-SAT instances using the Davis-Putnam-Loveland-Logemann (DPLL) algorithm slightly below threshold is presented. While finding a solution for such instances demands exponential effort with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Cocco , R. Monasson

In 2006, Biere, Jussila, and Sinz made the key observation that the underlying logic behind algorithms for constructing Reduced, Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) can be encoded as steps in a proof in the extended resolution logical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Randal E. Bryant , Marijn J. H. Heule

The Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) problem is the problem of finding a truth assignment that maximizes the number of satisfied clauses of a given Boolean formula in Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF). Many exact solvers for MaxSAT have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Mohamed El Halaby

Resolution is the rule of inference at the basis of most procedures for automated reasoning. In these procedures, the input formula is first translated into an equisatisfiable formula in conjunctive normal form (CNF) and then represented as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-11-04 E. Giunchiglia , M. Narizzano , A. Tacchella