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The lattice gauge theory technique for non-perturbative calculations in QCD is reviewed. The extraction of the continuum limit of lattice results is discussed with particular examples appropriate to hadron spectroscopy (the light hadrons…
The technology of Quantum Computing (QC) is continuously evolving, as researchers explore new technologies and the public gains access to quantum computers with an increasing number of qubits. In addition, the research community and…
The fundamental particle theory called Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) dictates everything about protons and neutrons, from their intrinsic properties to interactions that bind them into atomic nuclei. Quantities that cannot be fully resolved…
Exascale computing could soon enable a predictive theory of nuclear structure and reactions rooted in the Standard Model, with quantifiable and systematically improvable uncertainties. Such a predictive theory will help exploit experiments…
The numerical technique of Lattice QCD holds the promise of connecting the nuclear forces, nuclei, the spectrum and structure of hadrons, and the properties of matter under extreme conditions with the underlying theory of the strong…
This chapter provides a pedagogical introduction to theoretical studies of hadrons based on the fundamental theory of strong interactions - Quantum ChromoDynamics. A perturbative expansion in the strong coupling is not applicable at…
In the last several years, tightly coupled PC clusters have become widely applied, cost effective resources for lattice gauge computations. This paper discusses the practice of building such clusters, in particular balanced design…
Gauge theory and thermalization are both foundations of physics and nowadays are both topics of essential importance for modern quantum science and technology. Simulating lattice gauge theories (LGTs) realized recently with ultracold atoms…
Since the development of the Beowulf project to build a parallel computer from commodity PC components, there have been many such clusters built. The MILC QCD code has been run on a variety of clusters and supercomputers. Key design…
Large language models (LLMs) are adopted for software and hardware design, yet these domains are still evaluated separately. Software benchmarks typically assume fixed hardware targets, while hardware benchmarks focus on component-level…
Lattice Gas Automata (LGA) is a classical method for simulating physical phenomena, including Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Quantum LGA (QLGA) is the family of methods that implement LGA schemes on quantum computers. In recent years,…
Low-energy tests of fundamental symmetries are extremely sensitive probes of physics beyond the Standard Model, reaching scales that are comparable, if not higher, than directly accessible at the energy frontier. The interpretation of…
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of subnuclear physics, aiming at mod- eling the strong nuclear force, which is responsible for the interactions of nuclear particles. Lattice QCD (LQCD) is the corresponding discrete formulation,…
We define a benchmark suite for lattice QCD and report on benchmark results from several computer platforms. The platforms considered are apeNEXT, CRAY T3E, Hitachi SR8000, IBM p690, PC-Clusters, and QCDOC.
Quantum computing (QC) is anticipated to provide a speedup over classical HPC approaches for specific problems in optimization, simulation, and machine learning. With the advances in quantum computing toward practical applications, the need…
Recent applications of machine-learned normalizing flows to sampling in lattice field theory suggest that such methods may be able to mitigate critical slowing down and topological freezing. However, these demonstrations have been at the…
Theoretical studies and experiments in the last six years have revealed the potential for novel behaviours and functionalities in device physics through the synthetic engineering of negatively-curved spaces. For instance, recent…
At sufficiently high temperature and density, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) predicts phase transition from the hadronic phase to the quark-gluon plasma phase. Lattice QCD is the most useful tool to investigate this critical phenomenon, which…
Some recent beyond Standard Model phenomenology is based on new strongly interacting dynamics of $SU(N)$ gauge fields coupled to various numbers of fermions. When $N=3$ these systems are analogues of QCD, although the fermion masses are…
In this article, we review some of the recent developments towards the future goal of quantum computing or quantum simulating lattice QCD. This includes a novel theoretical framework developed for non-Abelian gauge theories that is the…