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The Spectrograph of the RISTRETTO instrument is now currently being manufactured. RISTETTO is an instrument designed to detect and characterize the reflected light of nearby exoplanets. It combines high contrast imaging and high resolution…

The detection of extrasolar planets' atmospheres requires very demanding observations. For planets that can not be spatially separated from their host stars, i.e. the vast majority of planets, the transiting planets are the only ones…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Dreizler , A. Reiners , D. Homeier , M. Noll

We are developing a stable and precise spectrograph for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) named "iLocater." The instrument comprises three principal components: a cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph that operates in the YJ-bands…

Most extrasolar planets have been detected by their influence on their parent star, typically either gravitationally (the Doppler method) or by the small dip in brightness as the planet blocks a portion of the star (the transit method).…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-06 Fabienne A. Bastien , Keivan G. Stassun , Joshua Pepper

Starting in 2008, NASA has provided the exoplanet community an observational program aimed at obtaining the highest resolution imaging available as part of its mission to validate and characterize exoplanets, as well as their stellar…

We introduce the BEBOP radial velocity survey for circumbinary planets. We initiated this survey using the CORALIE spectrograph on the Swiss Euler Telescope at La Silla, Chile. An intensive four year observing campaign commenced in 2013,…

The physical characterization of exoplanets will require to take spectra at several orbital positions. For that purpose, a direct imaging capability is necessary. Direct imaging requires an efficient stellar suppression mechanism,…

The price of instruments and observing time on modern telescopes is quickly increasing with the size of the primary mirror. Therefore, it is worth revisiting the data reduction algorithms to extract every bit of scientific information from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Nikolai Piskunov , Ansgar Wehrhahn , Thomas Marquart

Radio wavelength astrometry of stars and other objects has a long and productive history. The use of that technique to determine whether stars have planets around them would cover a nearly unique part of the parameter space for detection of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-22 Bryan J. Butler , Brenda C. Matthews

Precise exoplanet characterization requires precise classification of exoplanet host stars. The masses of host stars are commonly estimated by comparing their spectra to those predicted by stellar evolution models. However,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Benjamin T. Montet , John Asher Johnson

Prior to the 1990s, speculations about the occurrence of planets around other stars were based only on planet formation theory, observations of circumstellar disks, and the knowledge that at least one seemingly ordinary star had managed to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-26 Joshua N. Winn

Time domain astronomy and the increasing number of exoplanet candidates call for reliable, robust, and automatic wavelength calibration. We present an algorithm for wavelength calibrating \'echelle spectrographs that uses order-by-order…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-24 G. M. Brandt , T. D. Brandt , C. McCully

The EXtreme PREcision Spectrograph (EXPRES) is an environmentally stabilized, fiber-fed, $R=137,500$, optical spectrograph. It was recently commissioned at the 4.3-m Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT) near Flagstaff, Arizona. The spectrograph…

Technological advances in instrumentation have led to an exponential increase in exoplanet detection and scrutiny of stellar features such as spots and faculae. While the spots and faculae enable us to understand the stellar dynamics,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-04 Sahil Agarwal , John S. Wettlaufer

Eclipsing binaries are perfect laboratories to measure precise, accurate and model-independent stellar radii and stellar masses, so long as both components are spectroscopically resolved. Resolving both components is difficult in…

Small telescopes equiped with modern instrumentation are gaining on importance, especially, in the era of exoplanetary space missions such as TESS, PLATO and ARIEL. Crucial part of every planet hunting mission is now a ground-based…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-16 P. Kabath , M. Skarka , S. Sabotta , E. Guenther

Cross correlation analyses of high resolution spectroscopic data have recently shown great success in directly detecting planetary signals and enabling the characterization of their atmospheres. One such technique aims to observe a system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Cam Buzard , Stefan Pelletier , Danielle Piskorz , Björn Benneke , Geoffrey Blake

A stellar flare can brighten a planet in orbit around its host star, producing a light curve with a faint echo. This echo, and others from subsequent flares, can lead to the planet's discovery, revealing its orbital configuration and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-16 Chris Mann , Christopher A. Tellesbo , Benjamin C. Bromley , Scott J. Kenyon

In the companion paper we began the task of systematically studying the detection of planets in wide orbits ($a > 1.5 R_E$) via microlensing surveys. In this paper we continue, focusing on repeating events. We find that, if all planetary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Rosanne Di Stefano , Richard A. Scalzo

Differential spectroscopy during exoplanet transits permits to reconstruct spectra of small stellar surface portions that successively become hidden behind the planet. The center-to-limb behavior of stellar line shapes, asymmetries and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-08 Dainis Dravins , Hans-Günter Ludwig , Erik Dahlén , Hiva Pazira