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The observed increase in star formation efficiency with average cloud density, from several percent in whole giant molecular clouds to ~30 or more in cluster-forming cores, can be understood as the result of hierarchical cloud structure if…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bruce G. Elmegreen

We investigate the dependence of stellar properties on the initial mean density of the molecular cloud in which stellar clusters form using radiation hydrodynamical simulations that resolve the opacity limit for fragmentation. We have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-05 Michael O. Jones , Matthew. R. Bate

Multiple mechanisms are proposed for the formation of giant molecular clouds (GMCs), from gravitational free-fall caused by self-gravity to stellar feedback-driven gas compression. Both the galactic environment and galaxy conditions could…

We provide a model for how Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) laws, which describe the correlation between star formation rate and gas surface or volume density, depend on the molecular line chosen to trace the gas. We show that, for lines that can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mark R. Krumholz , Todd A. Thompson

We use a sample of the 13 most luminous WMAP Galactic free-free sources, responsible for 33% of the free- free emission of the Milky Way, to investigate star formation. The sample contains 40 star forming complexes; we combine this sample…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Norman Murray

We investigate the properties of "star forming regions" in a previously published numerical simulation of molecular cloud formation out of compressive motions in the warm neutral atomic interstellar medium, neglecting magnetic fields and…

We present a model that explains why galaxies form stars on a time scale significantly longer than the time scales of processes governing the evolution of interstellar gas. We show that gas evolves from a non-star-forming to a star-forming…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-22 Vadim A. Semenov , Andrey V. Kravtsov , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We include feedback in global hydrodynamic simulations in order to study the star formation properties, and gas structure and dynamics, in models of galactic disks. We extend previous models by implementing feedback in gravitationally bound…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rahul Shetty , Eve C. Ostriker

The study of star cluster evolution necessitates modeling how their density profiles develop from their natal gas distribution. Observational evidence indicates that many star clusters follow a Plummer-like density profile. However, most…

The relationship between the star formation rate surface density and the molecular gas surface density in galaxies is key to understanding galaxy evolution. To investigate the molecular Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) relation and its dependence on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-13 Victoria G. G. Samboco , Ryan P. Keenan

Extragalactic studies have demonstrated there is a moderately tight ($\approx$0.3 dex) relationship between galaxy stellar mass ($M_{\star}$) and star formation rate (SFR) that holds for star-forming galaxies at $M_{\star} \sim 3 \times…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-05-18 Kaitlyn Shin , Chun Ly , Matthew A. Malkan , Sangeeta Malhotra , Mithi de los Reyes , James E. Rhoads

To investigate how molecular clouds react to different environmental conditions at a galactic scale, we present a catalogue of giant molecular clouds resolved down to masses of $\sim 10$~M$_{\odot}$ from a simulation of the entire disc of…

We present an analytical determination of the star formation rate (SFR) in molecular clouds, based on a time-dependent extension of our analytical theory of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). The theory yields SFR's in good agreement…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Patrick Hennebelle , Gilles Chabrier

In the hierarchical view of star formation, giant molecular gas clouds (GMCs) undergo fragmentation to form small-scale structures made up of stars and star clusters. Here we study the connection between young star clusters and cold gas…

Based on simple physical and geometric assumptions, we have calculated the mean surface molecular density of spiral galaxies at the threshold between star formation induced by cloud-cloud collision and spontaneous gravitational collapse.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Shinya Komugi , Yoshiaki Sofue , Fumi Egusa

We examine the relation between gas-phase oxygen abundance and stellar mass---the MZ relation---as a function of the large scale galaxy environment parameterized by the local density. The dependence of the MZ relation on the environment is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-12 Po-Feng Wu , H. Jabran Zahid , Ho Seong Hwang , Margaret J. Geller

We study giant molecular cloud (GMC) collisions and their ability to trigger star cluster formation. We further develop our three dimensional magnetized, turbulent, colliding GMC simulations by implementing star formation sub-grid models.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-14 Benjamin Wu , Jonathan C. Tan , Duncan Christie , Fumitaka Nakamura , Sven Van Loo , David Collins

Using synthetic absorption lines generated from 3D hydro-dynamical simulations we explore how the velocity of a starburst-driven galactic wind correlates with the star formation rate (SFR) and SFR density. We find strong correlations until…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-07-24 Ryan Tanner , Gerald Cecil , Fabian Heitsch

Star formation, together with the associated chemical and energy feedback, is one of the most important processes in galaxy evolution. The star formation activity in galaxies defines and affects many of their fundamental properties, such as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-14 Ezequiel Lozano , Cecilia Scannapieco , Sebastian E. Nuza