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Real-valued logics underlie an increasing number of neuro-symbolic approaches, though typically their logical inference capabilities are characterized only qualitatively. We provide foundations for establishing the correctness and power of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Ronald Fagin , Ryan Riegel , Alexander Gray

We introduce a restricted second-order logic $\mathrm{SO}^{\mathit{plog}}$ for finite structures where second-order quantification ranges over relations of size at most poly-logarithmic in the size of the structure. We demonstrate the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Flavio Ferrarotti , Senen Gonzáles , Klaus-Dieter Schewe , José María Turull-Torres

The compactness theorem for a logic states, roughly, that the satisfiability of a set of well-formed formulas can be determined from the satisfiability of its finite subsets, and vice versa. Usually, proofs of this theorem depend on the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Sayantan Roy , Sankha S. Basu , Mihir K. Chakraborty

We generalize Kracht's theory of internal describability from classical modal logic to the family of all logics canonically associated with varieties of normal lattice expansions (LE algebras). We work in the purely algebraic setting of…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-03 Alessandra Palmigiano , Mattia Panettiere

Order-invariant first-order logic is an extension of first-order logic FO where formulae can make use of a linear order on the structures, under the proviso that they are order-invariant, i.e. that their truth value is the same for all…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Bartosz Bednarczyk , Julien Grange

Rules in logic programming encode information about mutual interdependencies between literals that is not captured by any of the commonly used semantics. This information becomes essential as soon as a program needs to be modified or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-03-02 Martin Slota , João Leite

By limiting the range of the predicate variables in a second-order language one may obtain restricted versions of second-order logic such as weak second-order logic or definable subset logic. In this note we provide an infinitary strongly…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Guillermo Badia , John Lane Bell

The characterization of PSPACE-queries over ordered structures as exactly those expressible in first-order logic with partial fixpoints (Vardi'82) is one of the classical results in the field of descriptive complexity. In this paper, we…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Florian Bruse , David Kronenberger , Martin Lange

We study various formulations of the completeness of first-order logic phrased in constructive type theory and mechanised in the Coq proof assistant. Specifically, we examine the completeness of variants of classical and intuitionistic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Yannick Forster , Dominik Kirst , Dominik Wehr

We first show that infinite satisfiability can be reduced to finite satisfiability for all prenex formulas of Separation Logic with $k\geq1$ selector fields ($\seplogk{k}$). Second, we show that this entails the decidability of the finite…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Mnacho Echenim , Radu Iosif , Nicolas Peltier

Modern logics of dependence and independence are based on team semantics, which means that formulae are evaluated not on a single assignment of values to variables, but on a set of such assignments, called a team. This leads to high…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Erich Grädel , Phil Pützstück

A new syntactic characterization of problems complete via Turing reductions is presented. General canonical forms are developed in order to define such problems. One of these forms allows us to define complete problems on ordered…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Vladimir Naidenko

The paper treats 4 different fragments of first-order logic induced by their respective versions of Kripke style semantics for modal intuitionistic logic. In order to capture these fragments, the notion of asimulation is modified and…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-02-01 Grigory Olkhovikov

Building on our previous work on enriched regular logic, we introduce an enriched version of positive logic and relate it to enriched cone-injectivity classes and enriched accessible categories. To do this, we need a factorization system on…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Jiří Rosický , Giacomo Tendas

Hypertrace logic is a sorted first-order logic with separate sorts for time and execution traces. Its formulas specify hyperproperties, which are properties relating multiple traces. In this work, we extend hypertrace logic by introducing…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Marek Chalupa , Thomas A. Henzinger , Ana Oliveira da Costa

We discuss the problems of incompleteness and inexpressibility. We introduce almost self-referential formulas, use them to extend set theory, and relate their expressive power to that of infinitary logic. We discuss the nature of proper…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-12-20 Dmytro Taranovsky

The relationship between Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG) functional structures (f-structures) for sentences and their semantic interpretations can be expressed directly in a fragment of linear logic in a way that explains correctly the…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Mary Dalrymple , John Lamping , Fernando Pereira , Vijay Saraswat

Intuitionistic logic extended with decidable propositional atoms combines classical properties in its propositional part and intuitionistic properties for derivable formulas not containing propositional symbols. Sequent calculus is used as…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Sakharov

In this thesis we study inductive definitions over finite structures, particularly, the depth of inductive definitions. We also study infinitary finite variable logic which contains fixed-point logic and we introduce a new complexity…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-08-27 Amena Mahmoud

We develop a second-order extension of intuitionistic modal logic, allowing quantification over propositions, both syntactically and semantically. A key feature of second-order logic is its capacity to define positive connectives from the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Justus Becker , Anupam Das , Sonia Marin , Paaras Padhiar