Related papers: Non-relativistic particles in a thermal bath
Deviations from thermal distribution functions of produced particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed as indicators for nonequilibrium processes. The focus is on rapidity distributions of produced charged hadrons as…
We discuss mechanisms that change the hadron chemistry for high momentum particles emitted in high energy nuclear collisions. We argue that particle ratios naturally tend to be different from jets in the vacuum. We show results of…
We perform a calculation of dense and hot nuclear matter where the mean interaction between nucleons is described by in-medium effective fields and where we employ analytical approximations of the Fermi integrals. We generalize a previous…
I discuss quarkonium physics at zero and finite temperature in the framework of nonrelativistic effective field theories.
In order to predict the cosmological abundance of dark matter, an estimation of particle rates in an expanding thermal environment is needed. For thermal dark matter, the non-relativistic regime sets the stage for the freeze-out of the dark…
Collisions of heavy nuclei at very high energies offer the exciting possibility of experimentally exploring the phase transformation from hadronic to partonic degrees of freedom which is predicted to occur at several times normal nuclear…
Little is known about the physics frontier of strong acceleration; both classical and quantum physics need further development in order to be able to address this newly accessible area of physics. In this lecture we discuss what strong…
Collisions between heavy nuclei at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider liberate from the nuclear wavefunction of order 10,000 gluons, quarks and antiquarks. The system is dominated by gluons and up and down (anti) quarks. Heavy quarks,…
Under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure, it is believed that quarks and gluons (particles that mediate the interaction between quarks) can be "free" in a given volume. This hypothetical phase of matter is called plasma of…
Heavy ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies offer the opportunity to study the irreversibility of multiparticle processes. Together with the many-body decays of resonances, the multiparticle processes cause the system to evolve…
Strange particles such as the kaon and lambda are useful in probing the properties of dense matter formed in heavy ion collisions. We review in this talk the theoretical understandings of their properties in nuclear medium based on both the…
The hot and dense QCD matter produced in nuclear collisions at ultrarelativistic energy is characterized by very intense electromagnetic fields which attain their maximal strength in the early pre-equilibrium stage and interplay with the…
This dissertation aims to deepen the understanding of the primordial composition of the Universe in the temperature range 300 MeV>T>0.02 MeV. I exploit known properties of elementary particles and apply methods of kinetic theory and…
We review the physics of nuclear matter at high energy density and the experimental search for the Quark-Gluon Plasma at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The data obtained in the first three years of the RHIC physics program…
In central collisions at relativistic heavy ion colliders like the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider RHIC/Brookhaven and the Large Hadron Collider LHC (in its heavy ion mode) at CERN/Geneva, one aims at detecting a new form of hadronic matter…
A recent development on the working of effective field theories in nuclei and in dense hadronic matter is discussed. We consider two extreme regimes: One, dilute regime for which fluctuations are made on top of the matter-free vacuum; two,…
A recent development in finite temperature field theory, the so-called Braaten-Pisarski method, and its application to properties of a quark-gluon plasma, possibly formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions, are reviewed. In particular…
We describe quark matter in the framework of non-extensive thermodynamics. We point out that partcile spectra with power-law tail lead to an increased energy and entropy per particle. This way even a massless plasma may give E/N = 1 GeV at…
The criticism by W. E. Lamb, W. Schleich, M. Scully, C. Townes of a simplified quantum electrodynamics which represents the photon as a true particle is illustrated. Collisions being absent in low-pressure gas, exchanges of energy are…
Interesting phases of quantum matter often arise when the constituent particles -- electrons in solids -- interact strongly. Such strongly interacting systems are however quite rare and occur only in extreme environments of low spatial…