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Modern Large Language Model (LLM)-based programming agents often rely on test execution feedback to refine their generated code. These tests are synthetically generated by LLMs. However, LLMs may produce invalid or hallucinated test cases,…
Recently, an efficient constraint solving-based approach has been developed to detect logical faults in systems specified with classical finite state machines (FSMs). The approach is unsuitable to detect violations of time constraints. In…
Security vulnerability analysis of Integrated Circuits using conventional design-time validation and verification techniques (like simulations, emulations, etc.) is generally a computationally intensive task and incomplete by nature,…
Synthetic verification techniques such as generating test cases and reward modelling are common ways to enhance the coding capabilities of large language models (LLM) beyond predefined tests. Additionally, code verification has recently…
Quantitative extensions of temporal logics have recently attracted significant attention. In this work, we study frequency LTL (fLTL), an extension of LTL which allows to speak about frequencies of events along an execution. Such an…
A well-known testing method for the safety evaluation and real-time validation of automotive software systems (ASSs) is Fault Injection (FI). In accordance with the ISO 26262 standard, the faults are introduced artificially for the purpose…
Synchronous systems provide a basic model of embedded systems and industrial systems are modeled as Simulink diagrams and/or Lustre programs. Although the test generation problem is critical in the development of safe systems, it often…
This paper aims at the safety-critical control synthesis of network systems such that the satisfaction of the safety constraints can be guaranteed. To handle the large state dimension of such systems, an assume-guarantee contract is used to…
LCRL is a software tool that implements model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms over unknown Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), synthesising policies that satisfy a given linear temporal specification with maximal probability. LCRL…
Deterministic graph grammars generate regular graphs, that form a structural extension of configuration graphs of pushdown systems. In this paper, we study a probabilistic extension of regular graphs obtained by labelling the terminal arcs…
Formal control of cyber-physical systems allows for synthesis of control strategies from rich specifications such as temporal logics. However, the classes of systems that the formal approaches can be applied to is limited due to the…
Mission-time Linear Temporal Logic (MLTL), a widely used subset of popular specification logics like STL and MTL, is often used to model and verify real world systems in safety-critical contexts. As the results of formal verification are…
Writing formal specifications for distributed systems is difficult. Even simple consistency requirements often turn out to be unrealizable because of the complicated information flow in the distributed system: not all information is…
To ensure resilience against the unavoidable noise in quantum computers, quantum information needs to be encoded using an error-correcting code, and circuits must have a particular structure to be fault-tolerant. Compilation of…
We propose a novel, fully explainable neural approach to synthesis of combinatorial logic circuits from input-output examples. The carrying advantage of our method is that it readily extends to inductive scenarios, where the set of examples…
Model checking and automated theorem proving are two pillars of formal methods. This paper investigates model checking from an automated theorem proving perspective, aiming at combining the expressiveness of automated theorem proving and…
An emerging branch of control theory specialises in certificate learning, concerning the specification of a desired (possibly complex) system behaviour for an autonomous or control model, which is then analytically verified by means of a…
We propose a symbolic self-triggered controller synthesis procedure for non-deterministic continuous-time nonlinear systems without stability assumptions. The goal is to compute a controller that satisfies two objectives. The first…
Designing tests to evaluate if a given autonomous system satisfies complex specifications is challenging due to the complexity of these systems. This work proposes a flow-based approach for reactive test synthesis from temporal logic…
The integration of Formal Verification tools with Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a path to scale software verification beyond manual workflows. However, current methods remain unreliable: without a solid theoretical footing, the…