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Silent Errors within hardware devices occur when an internal defect manifests in a part of the circuit which does not have check logic to detect the incorrect circuit operation. The results of such a defect can range from flipping a single…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Harish Dattatraya Dixit , Laura Boyle , Gautham Vunnam , Sneha Pendharkar , Matt Beadon , Sriram Sankar

Silent Data Corruption (SDC) can have negative impact on large-scale infrastructure services. SDCs are not captured by error reporting mechanisms within a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and hence are not traceable at the hardware level.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Harish Dattatraya Dixit , Sneha Pendharkar , Matt Beadon , Chris Mason , Tejasvi Chakravarthy , Bharath Muthiah , Sriram Sankar

High-performance and safety-critical system architects must accurately evaluate the application-level silent data corruption (SDC) rates of processors to soft errors. Such an evaluation requires error propagation all the way from particle…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Siva Kumar Sastry Hari , Paolo Rech , Timothy Tsai , Mark Stephenson , Arslan Zulfiqar , Michael Sullivan , Philip Shirvani , Paul Racunas , Joel Emer , Stephen W. Keckler

Silent data corruption (SDC) threatens the reliability of large-scale GPU clusters used for training large language models, yet its rarity and lack of explicit error signals make accurate high-level modeling challenging. To address this…

Too many defective compute chips are escaping existing manufacturing tests -- at least an order of magnitude more than industrial targets across all compute chip types in data centers. Silent data corruptions (SDCs) caused by test escapes,…

Extreme-scale scientific applications can be more vulnerable to soft errors (transient faults) as high-performance computing systems increase in scale. The common practice to evaluate the resilience to faults of an application is random…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Luanzheng Guo , Dong Li , Ignacio Laguna

As supercomputers grow in hardware complexity, their susceptibility to faults increases and measures need to be taken to ensure the correctness of results. Some numerical algorithms have certain characteristics that allow them to recover…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Thomas Saupe , Sebastian Götschel , Thibaut Lunet , Daniel Ruprecht , Robert Speck

Increasing parallelism and transistor density, along with increasingly tighter energy and peak power constraints, may force exposure of occasionally incorrect computation or storage to application codes. Silent data corruption (SDC) will…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-26 James Elliott , Mark Hoemmen , Frank Mueller

Resilient algorithms in high-performance computing are subject to rigorous non-functional constraints. Resiliency must not increase the runtime, memory footprint or I/O demands too significantly. We propose a task-based soft error detection…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Philipp Samfass , Tobias Weinzierl , Anne Reinarz , Michael Bader

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale in size and complexity, the consequences of failures during training become increasingly severe. A major challenge arises from Silent Data Corruption (SDC): hardware-induced faults that bypass…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Anton Altenbernd , Philipp Wiesner , Odej Kao

As the scale of training large language models (LLMs) increases, one emergent failure is silent data corruption (SDC), where hardware produces incorrect computations without explicit failure signals. In this work, we are the first to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jeffrey Ma , Hengzhi Pei , Leonard Lausen , George Karypis

Application developers often place executable assertions -- equipped with program-specific predicates -- in their system, targeting programming errors. However, these detectors can detect data errors resulting from transient hardware faults…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Michael Lenz , Horst Schirmeier

Hardware reliability is adversely affected by the downscaling of semiconductor devices and the scale-out of systems necessitated by modern applications. Apart from crashes, this unreliability often manifests as silent data corruptions…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Vassilis Vassiliadis , Konstantinos Parasyris , Christos D. Antonopoulos , Spyros Lalis , Nikolaos Bellas

Reliability is a cumbersome problem in High Performance Computing Systems and Data Centers evolution. During operation, several types of fault conditions or anomalies can arise, ranging from malfunctioning hardware to improper…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Andrea Borghesi , Antonio Libri , Luca Benini , Andrea Bartolini

The increase in HPC systems size and complexity, together with increasing on-chip transistor density, power limitations, and number of components, render modern HPC systems subject to soft errors. Silent data corruptions (SDCs) are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Aurélien Cavelan , Florina M. Ciorba

Spectral deferred corrections (SDC) is an iterative approach for constructing higher- order accurate numerical approximations of ordinary differential equations. SDC starts with an initial approximation of the solution defined at a set of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2017-06-14 R. W. Grout , H. Kolla , M. L. Minion , J. B. Bell

This study investigates the capabilities of Cyclic Redundancy Checks(CRCs) to detect burst and random errors. Researchers have favored these error detection codes throughout the evolution of computing and have implemented them in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Waylon Jepsen

As high-performance computing systems scale in size and computational power, the danger of silent errors, i.e., errors that can bypass hardware detection mechanisms and impact application state, grows dramatically. Consequently,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Luanzheng Guo , Dong Li , Ignacio Laguna , Martin Schulz

Many dependability techniques expect certain behaviors from the underlying subsystems and fail in chaotic ways if these expectations are not met. Under expected circumstances, however, software tends to work quite well. This paper suggests…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 George Candea

This paper studies the resilient routing and (in-band) fast failover mechanisms supported in Software-Defined Networks (SDN). We analyze the potential benefits and limitations of such failover mechanisms, and focus on two main metrics: (1)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-10-07 Michael Borokhovich , Stefan Schmid
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