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Conditions ensuring optimal parameter estimation in the presence of missing data are well established in inference, typically relying on the Missing-at-Random (MAR) assumption. In prediction, similar principles are often assumed to apply.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-19 Pierre Catoire , Robin Genuer , Cecile Proust-Lima

Multivariate density estimation is a popular technique in statistics with wide applications including regression models allowing for heteroskedasticity in conditional variances. The estimation problems become more challenging when…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-15 Zhen Li , Lili Wu , Weilian Zhou , Sujit Ghosh

Mediation analysis aims to assess if, and how, a certain exposure influences an outcome of interest through intermediate variables. This problem has recently gained a surge of attention due to the tremendous need for such analyses in…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-19 He Yinqiu , Song Peter X. -K. , Xu Gongjun

Several approaches have been proposed in the literature for clustering multivariate ordinal data. These methods typically treat missing values as absent information, rather than recognizing them as valuable for profiling population…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-05 Alice Giampino , Antonio Canale , Bernardo Nipoti

There is a long history of devleopment of methodology dealing with missing data in statistical analysis. Today, the most popular methods fall into two classes, Complete Cases (CC) and Multiple Imputation (MI). Another approach, Available…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-17 Xiao Gu , Norman Matloff

We present a method for incorporating missing data in non-parametric statistical learning without the need for imputation. We focus on a tree-based method, Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART), enhanced with "Missingness Incorporated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-14 Adam Kapelner , Justin Bleich

Health economic evaluations based on patient-level data collected alongside clinical trials~(e.g. health related quality of life and resource use measures) are an important component of the process which informs resource allocation…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-25 Andrea Gabrio , Rachael Hunter , Alexina J. Mason , Gianluca Baio

Methods for addressing missing data have become much more accessible to applied researchers. However, little guidance exists to help researchers systematically identify plausible missing data mechanisms in order to ensure that these methods…

Applications · Statistics 2020-07-29 Adam Davey , Ting Dai

Mixed data refers to a type of data in which variables can be of multiple types, such as continuous, discrete, or categorical. This data is routinely collected in various fields, including healthcare and social sciences. A common goal in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-22 Mauro Florez , Anna Gottard , Carrie McAdams , Michele Guindani , Marina Vannucci

Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) capture real-time thoughts and behaviors in natural settings, producing rich longitudinal data for statistical and physiological analyses. However, the robustness of these analyses can be compromised…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-21 Yiheng Wei , Donald Hedeker

Joint modeling technique is a recent advancement in effectively analyzing the longitudinal history of patients with the occurrence of an event of interest attached to it. This procedure is successfully implemented in biomarker studies to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-08 Gajendra K. Vishwakarma , Atanu Bhattacharjee , Souvik Banerjee

Sensitivity analysis is popular in dealing with missing data problems particularly for non-ignorable missingness. It analyses how sensitively the conclusions may depend on assumptions about missing data e.g. missing data mechanism (MDM). We…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-26 Peng Yin , Jian Qing Shi

An increasing number of large-scale multi-modal research initiatives has been conducted in the typically developing population, as well as in psychiatric cohorts. Missing data is a common problem in such datasets due to the difficulty of…

We introduce a self-censoring model for multivariate nonignorable nonmonotone missing data, where the missingness process of each outcome is affected by its own value and is associated with missingness indicators of other outcomes, while…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-03 Yilin Li , Wang Miao , Ilya Shpitser , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

Understanding causal mechanisms is crucial for explaining and generalizing empirical phenomena. Causal mediation analysis offers statistical techniques to quantify the mediation effects. Although numerous methods have been developed for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Jiawei Fu

Missing data can lead to inefficiencies and biases in analyses, in particular when data are missing not at random (MNAR). It is thus vital to understand and correctly identify the missing data mechanism. Recovering missing values through a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-08 Jack Noonan , Adetola Adedamola Adediran , Robin Mitra , Stefanie Biedermann

Pre-trained machine learning (ML) predictions have been increasingly used to complement incomplete data to enable downstream scientific inquiries, but their naive integration risks biased inferences. Recently, multiple methods have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-12 Xingran Chen , Tyler McCormick , Bhramar Mukherjee , Zhenke Wu

Trial-based cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) are an important source of evidence in the assessment of health interventions. In these studies, cost and effectiveness outcomes are commonly measured at multiple time points, but some…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-30 Andrea Gabrio , Catrin Plumpton , Sube Banerjee , Baptiste Leurent

Mediation analysis seeks to identify and quantify the paths by which an exposure affects an outcome. Intermediate variables which are effected by the exposure and which effect the outcome are known as mediators. There exists extensive work…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-13 James P. Long , Ehsan Irajizad , James D. Doecke , Kim-Anh Do , Min Jin Ha

We investigate methods for penalized regression in the presence of missing observations. This paper introduces a method for estimating the parameters which compensates for the missing observations. We first, derive an unbiased estimator of…

Applications · Statistics 2013-10-09 Yunjin Choi , Robert Tibshirani
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