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In this paper, a similarity-driven cluster merging method is proposed for unsuper-vised fuzzy clustering. The cluster merging method is used to resolve the problem of cluster validation. Starting with an overspecified number of clusters in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Xuejian Xiong , Kap Chan , Kian Lee Tan

The overwhelming majority of empirical research that uses cluster-robust inference assumes that the clustering structure is known, even though there are often several possible ways in which a dataset could be clustered. We propose two tests…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-03-14 James G. MacKinnon , Morten Ørregaard Nielsen , Matthew D. Webb

Cluster analysis is an unsupervised learning strategy that can be employed to identify subgroups of observations in data sets of unknown structure. This strategy is particularly useful for analyzing high-dimensional data such as microarray…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-07 Erika S. Helgeson , Eric Bair

Validation plays a crucial role in the clustering process. Many different internal validity indexes exist for the purpose of determining the best clustering solution(s) from a given collection of candidates, e.g., as produced by different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-23 Connor Simpson , Ricardo J. G. B. Campello , Elizabeth Stojanovski

There are two notoriously hard problems in cluster analysis, estimating the number of clusters, and checking whether the population to be clustered is not actually homogeneous. Given a dataset, a clustering method and a cluster validation…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-02-10 Christian Hennig , Chien-Ju Lin

Many community detection algorithms are inherently stochastic, leading to variations in their output depending on input parameters and random seeds. This variability makes the results of a single run of these algorithms less reliable.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yasamin Tabatabaee , Eleanor Wedell , Minhyuk Park , Tandy Warnow

Assessing how adequate clusters fit a dataset and finding an optimum number of clusters is a difficult process. A membership matrix and the degree of membership matrix is suggested to determine the homogeneity of a cluster fit. Maximisation…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-29 J W G Addy , J Langhorne

Clustering analysis of functional data, which comprises observations that evolve continuously over time or space, has gained increasing attention across various scientific disciplines. Practical applications often involve functional data…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-19 Tingyu Zhu , Lan Xue , Carmen Tekwe , Keith Diaz , Mark Benden , Roger Zoh

A new clustering accuracy measure is proposed to determine the unknown number of clusters and to assess the quality of clustering of a data set given in any dimensional space. Our validity index applies the classical nonparametric…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-15 Soumita Modak

We address the problem of cluster identity estimation in a hierarchical federated learning setting in which users work toward learning different tasks. To overcome the challenge of task heterogeneity, users need to be grouped in a way such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Abdulmoneam Ali , Ahmed Arafa

In the realm of quantum information processing, the efficient characterization of entangled states poses an overwhelming challenge, rendering the traditional methods including quantum tomography unfeasible and impractical. To tackle this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Ye-Chao Liu , Jiangwei Shang

Standard conformal prediction methods provide a marginal coverage guarantee, which means that for a random test point, the conformal prediction set contains the true label with a user-specified probability. In many classification problems,…

In this paper, we propose algorithms that leverage a known community structure to make group testing more efficient. We consider a population organized in connected communities: each individual participates in one or more communities, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Pavlos Nikolopoulos , Sundara Rajan Srinivasavaradhan , Tao Guo , Christina Fragouli , Suhas Diggavi

An important issue in clustering concerns the avoidance of false positives while searching for clusters. This work addressed this problem considering agglomerative methods, namely single, average, median, complete, centroid and Ward's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Eric K. Tokuda , Cesar H. Comin , Luciano da F. Costa

Online evaluation of machine learning models is typically conducted through A/B experiments. Sequential statistical tests are valuable tools for analysing these experiments, as they enable researchers to stop data collection early without…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-08 Alexey Kurennoy , Majed Dodin , Tural Gurbanov , Ana Peleteiro Ramallo

Unimodality constitutes a key property indicating grouping behavior of the data around a single mode of its density. We propose a method that partitions univariate data into unimodal subsets through recursive splitting around valley points…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Paraskevi Chasani , Aristidis Likas

A data analysis pipeline is a structured sequence of steps that transforms raw data into meaningful insights by integrating multiple analysis algorithms. In many practical applications, analytical findings are obtained only after data pass…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-04 Yugo Miyata , Tomohiro Shiraishi , Shuichi Nishino , Ichiro Takeuchi

We propose a simple and efficient clustering method for high-dimensional data with a large number of clusters. Our algorithm achieves high-performance by evaluating distances of datapoints with a subset of the cluster centres. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Georgios Exarchakis , Omar Oubari , Gregor Lenz

This paper considers inference when there is a single treated cluster and a fixed number of control clusters, a setting that is common in empirical work, especially in difference-in-differences designs. We use the t-statistic and develop…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-11 Chun Pong Lau , Xinran Li

It is crucial that smart contracts are tested thoroughly due to their immutable nature. Even small bugs in smart contracts can lead to huge monetary losses. However, testing is not enough; it is also important to ensure the quality and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Pieter Hartel , Richard Schumi