English
Related papers

Related papers: Algorithmic Randomness for Infinite Time Register …

200 papers

This article is a brief personal account of the past, present, and future of algorithmic randomness, emphasizing its role in inductive inference and artificial intelligence. It is written for a general audience interested in science and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-02-10 Marcus Hutter

We generalise the randomness test definitions in the literature for both the Martin-L\"of and Schnorr randomness of a series of binary outcomes, in order to allow for interval-valued rather than merely precise forecasts for these outcomes,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Gert de Cooman , Floris Persiau , Jasper De Bock

Randomness plays a central rol in the quantum mechanical description of our interactions. We review the relationship between the violation of Bell inequalities, non signaling and randomness. We discuss the challenge in defining a random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-11 Aldo Solis , Jorge G. Hirsch

We study generalizations of Demuth's Theorem, which states that the image of a Martin-L\"of random real under a tt-reduction is either computable or Turing equivalent to a Martin-L\"of random real. We show that Demuth's Theorem holds for…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-10-27 Laurent Bienvenu , Christopher Porter

The notion of probability plays an important role in almost all areas of science and technology. In modern mathematics, however, probability theory means nothing other than measure theory, and the operational characterization of the notion…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Kohtaro Tadaki

Infinite time Turing machines (ITTMs) have been introduced by Hamkins and Lewis in their seminal article arXiv:math/9808093. The strength of the model comes from a limit rule which allows the ITTM to compute through ordinal stages. This…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Olivier Bournez , Olivier Finkel , Johan Girardot

We use the martingale-theoretic approach of game-theoretic probability to incorporate imprecision into the study of randomness. In particular, we define a notion of computable randomness associated with interval, rather than precise,…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-05 Gert de Cooman , Jasper De Bock

We reformulate slightly Russell's notion of typicality, so as to eliminate its circularity and make it applicable to elements of any first-order structure. We argue that the notion parallels Martin-L\"{o}f (ML) randomness, in the sense that…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Athanassios Tzouvaras

In this paper we investigate algorithmic randomness on more general spaces than the Cantor space, namely computable metric spaces. To do this, we first develop a unified framework allowing computations with probability measures. We show…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-07-23 Mathieu Hoyrup , Cristobal Rojas

We correct Miyabe's proof of van Lambalgen's Theorem for truth-table Schnorr randomness (which we will call uniformly relative Schnorr randomness). An immediate corollary is one direction of van Lambalgen's theorem for Schnorr randomness.…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-05-02 Kenshi Miyabe , Jason Rute

A real is called integer-valued random if no integer-valued martingale can win arbitrarily much capital betting against it. A real is low for integer-valued randomness if no integer-valued martingale recursive in A can succeed on an…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-10-14 Ian Herbert

In contrast with software-generated randomness (called pseudo-randomness), quantum randomness is provable incomputable, i.e.\ it is not exactly reproducible by any algorithm. We provide experimental evidence of incomputability --- an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-09 Cristian S. Calude , Michael J. Dinneen , Monica Dumitrescu , Karl Svozil

We study algorithmic randomness and monotone complexity on product of the set of infinite binary sequences. We explore the following problems: monotone complexity on product space, Lambalgen's theorem for correlated probability,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-06-29 Hayato Takahashi

The notion of probability plays an important role in almost all areas of science and technology. In modern mathematics, however, probability theory means nothing other than measure theory, and the operational characterization of the notion…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Kohtaro Tadaki

We investigate the strength of a randomness notion $\mathcal R$ as a set-existence principle in second-order arithmetic: for each $Z$ there is an $X$ that is $\mathcal R$-random relative to $Z$. We show that the equivalence between…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-09-04 André Nies , Paul Shafer

A typical phenomenon for machine models of transfinite computations is the existence of so-called lost melodies, i.e. real numbers $x$ such that the characteristic function of the set $\{x\}$ is computable while $x$ itself is not (a real…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Merlin Carl

This paper is a comment on the paper "Quantum Mechanics and Algorithmic Randomness" was written by Ulvi Yurtsever \cite{Yurtsever} and the briefly explanation of the algorithmic randomness of quantum measurements results. There are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-07 Mohammad Shahbazi

In the theory of algorithmic randomness, one of the central notions is that of computable randomness. An infinite binary sequence X is computably random if no recursive martingale (strategy) can win an infinite amount of money by betting on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Laurent Bienvenu , Frank Stephan , Jason Teutsch

A real number \alpha is called recursively enumerable if there exists a computable, increasing sequence of rational numbers which converges to \alpha. The randomness of a recursively enumerable real \alpha can be characterized in various…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-05-20 Kohtaro Tadaki

We investigate the role of continuous reductions and continuous relativisation in the context of higher randomness. We define a higher analogue of Turing reducibility and show that it interacts well with higher randomness, for example with…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-03-18 Laurent Bienvenu , Noam Greenberg , Benoit Monin