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This paper describes a new and purely functional implementation technique of binary heaps. A binary heap is a tree-based data structure that implements priority queue operations (insert, remove, minimum/maximum) and guarantees at worst…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-12-18 Vladimir Kostyukov

Motivated by the study of random temporal networks, we introduce a class of random trees that we coin \emph{uniform temporal trees}. A uniform temporal tree is obtained by assigning independent uniform $[0,1]$ labels to the edges of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-23 Caelan Atamanchuk , Luc Devroye , Gabor Lugosi

Monotonicity is a simple yet significant qualitative characteristic. We consider the problem of segmenting an array in up to K segments. We want segments to be as monotonic as possible and to alternate signs. We propose a quality metric for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Daniel Lemire , Martin Brooks , Yuhong Yan

An algorithm on weighted graphs is called universally optimal if it is optimal for every input graph, in the worst case taken over all weight assignments. Informally, this means the algorithm is competitive even with algorithms that are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Benjamin Aram Berendsohn

In this paper, we address the scenario where nodes with sensor data are connected in a tree network, and every node wants to compute a given symmetric Boolean function of the sensor data. We first consider the problem of computing a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-05-03 Hemant Kowshik , P. R. Kumar

Nowadays, multiprocessing is mainstream with exponentially increasing number of processors. Load balancing is, therefore, a critical operation for the efficient execution of parallel algorithms. In this paper we consider the fundamental…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Osama Talaat Ibrahim , Ahmed El-Mahdy

Decision tree optimization is fundamental to interpretable machine learning. The most popular approach is to greedily search for the best feature at every decision point, which is fast but provably suboptimal. Recent approaches find the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Varun Babbar , Hayden McTavish , Cynthia Rudin , Margo Seltzer

We obtain new non-asymptotic tail bounds for the height of uniformly random trees with a given degree sequence, simply generated trees and conditioned Bienaym\'e trees (the family trees of branching processes), in the process settling three…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Louigi Addario-Berry , Serte Donderwinkel

A central limit theorem for binary tree is numerically examined. Two types of central limit theorem for higher-order branches are formulated. A topological structure of a binary tree is expressed by a binary sequence, and the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-04-10 Ken Yamamoto , Yoshihiro Yamazaki

Decision tree algorithms have been among the most popular algorithms for interpretable (transparent) machine learning since the early 1980's. The problem that has plagued decision tree algorithms since their inception is their lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Xiyang Hu , Cynthia Rudin , Margo Seltzer

We consider an incremental variant of the rooted prize-collecting Steiner-tree problem with a growing budget constraint. While no incremental solution exists that simultaneously approximates the optimum for all budgets, we show that a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yann Disser , Svenja M. Griesbach , Max Klimm , Annette Lutz

This paper introduces a series of methods for traversing binary decision trees using arithmetic operations. We present a suite of binary tree traversal algorithms that leverage novel representation matrices to flatten the full binary tree…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jinxiong Zhang

We study the average height of random trees generated by leaf-centric binary tree sources as introduced by Zhang, Yang and Kieffer. A leaf-centric binary tree source induces for every $n \geq 2$ a probability distribution on the set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-29 Louisa Seelbach Benkner

Decision Tree is a classic formulation of active learning: given $n$ hypotheses with nonnegative weights summing to 1 and a set of tests that each partition the hypotheses, output a decision tree using the provided tests that uniquely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Ray Li , Percy Liang , Stephen Mussmann

We consider the following generalization of the binary search problem. A search strategy is required to locate an unknown target node $t$ in a given tree $T$. Upon querying a node $v$ of the tree, the strategy receives as a reply an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Dariusz Dereniowski , Adrian Kosowski , Przemyslaw Uznanski , Mengchuan Zou

In this report we present two new ways of enforcing monotone constraints in regression and classification trees. One yields better results than the current LightGBM, and has a similar computation time. The other one yields even better…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-03 Charles Auguste , Sean Malory , Ivan Smirnov

Over the past 30 years numerous algorithms have been designed for symmetry breaking problems in the LOCAL model, such as maximal matching, MIS, vertex coloring, and edge-coloring. For most problems the best randomized algorithm is at least…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Yi-Jun Chang , Tsvi Kopelowitz , Seth Pettie

Binary optimisation tasks are ubiquitous in areas ranging from logistics to cryptography. The exponential complexity of such problems means that the performance of traditional computational methods decreases rapidly with increasing problem…

This paper advances the theoretical understanding of active learning label complexity for decision trees as binary classifiers. We make two main contributions. First, we provide the first analysis of the disagreement coefficient for…

We consider a (random permutation model) binary search tree with n nodes and give asymptotics on the loglog scale for the height H_n and saturation level h_n of the tree as n\to\infty, both almost surely and in probability. We then consider…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-23 Matthew I. Roberts
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