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In this paper, we propose a new approach for building cellular automata to solve real-world segmentation problems. We design and train a cellular automaton that can successfully segment high-resolution images. We consider a colony that…
In the emerging advancement in the branch of autonomous robotics, the ability of a robot to efficiently localize and construct maps of its surrounding is crucial. This paper deals with utilizing thermal-infrared cameras, as opposed to…
In this paper, we describe how the electronic rolling shutter in CMOS image sensors can be exploited using a bright, modulated light source (e.g., an inexpensive, off-the-shelf laser), to inject fine-grained image disruptions. We…
Imaging, detection and ranging of objects in the presence of significant background noise is a fundamental challenge in optical sensing. Overcoming the limitations imposed in conventional methods, quantum light sources show higher…
Noise is an important factor that degrades the quality of medical images. Impulse noise is a common noise, which is caused by malfunctioning of sensor elements or errors in the transmission of images. In medical images due to presence of…
Probing optical excitations with nanometer resolution is important for understanding their dynamics and interactions down to the atomic scale. Electron microscopes currently offer the unparalleled ability of rendering spatially-resolved…
Time Projection Chambers equipped with Gas Electron Multipliers and optical readout by scientific CMOS cameras are a promising technology for low-energy particle detection, as demonstrated by the CYGNO experiment. To help identify the…
State-of-the-art image classifiers are trained and tested using well-illuminated images. These images are typically captured by CMOS image sensors with at least tens of photons per pixel. However, in dark environments when the photon flux…
Machine learning (ML) has been widely applied to image classification. Here, we extend this application to data generated by a camera comprised of only a standard CMOS image sensor with no lens. We first created a database of lensless…
Negative ions have been detected in abundance in recent years by spacecraft across the solar system. These detections were, however, made by instruments not designed for this purpose and, as such, significant uncertainties remain regarding…
Monolithic active pixel sensors (MAPS) are now well established as a technology for tracking charged particles, especially when low material budget is desirable. For such applications, sensors focus on spatial resolution and pixels with…
Sigma Delta quantization, a quantization method which first surfaced in the 1960s, has now been used widely in various digital products such as cameras, cell phones, radars, etc. The method samples an input signal at a rate higher than the…
The quantum noise of light fundamentally limits optical phase sensors. A semiclassical picture attributes this noise to the random arrival time of photons from a coherent light source such as a laser. An engineered source of squeezed states…
Cellular metabolic rate is a good indicator of the physiological state of cells and its changes, which can be measured by total heat flux accompanying metabolism. Chip calorimeters can provide label-free and high throughput measurements of…
Precise measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are crucial in cosmology, because any proposed model of the universe must account for the features of this radiation. Of all CMB measurements that the scientific community has…
A low cost fluorescence-based optical system is developed for detecting the presence of certain microorganisms and molecules within a diluted sample. A specifically designed device setup compatible with conventional 96 well plates is chosen…
We are developing an X-ray polarimeter using micro-pixel CMOS sensors for solar flare X-ray polarimetry. The system consists of a 2.5-$\mu$m pixel CMOS image sensor with a 12.8$\times$12.8 mm$^2$ imaging area and a readout system based on a…
Compton telescope is a promising technology to achieve very high sensitivity in the soft gamma-ray band (0.1-10 MeV) by utilizing Compton kinematics. Compton kinematics also enables polarization measurement which will open new windows to…
We have built a CsI(Tl) gamma-ray detector array for the NPDGamma experiment to search for a small parity-violating directional asymmetry in the angular distribution of 2.2 MeV gamma-rays from the capture of polarized cold neutrons by…
Low-cost thermal cameras are inaccurate (usually $\pm 3^\circ C$) and have space-variant nonuniformity across their detector. Both inaccuracy and nonuniformity are dependent on the ambient temperature of the camera. The goal of this work…