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Establishing a notion of the quantum state that applies consistently across space and time could be a crucial step toward formulating a relativistic quantum theory. We give an operational meaning to multipartite quantum states over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Seok Hyung Lie , Hyukjoon Kwon

We present a theory of quantum work statistics in generic chaotic, disordered Fermi liquid systems within a driven random matrix formalism. By extending P. W. Anderson's orthogonality determinant formula to compute quantum work…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-16 András Grabarits , Márton Kormos , Izabella Lovas , Gergely Zaránd

The work performed on or extracted from a non-autonomous quantum system described by means of a two-point projective-measurement approach takes the form of a stochastic variable. We show that the cumulant generating function of work can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 G. Guarnieri , N. H. Y. Ng , K. Modi , J. Eisert , M. Paternostro , J. Goold

The Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability distribution, intimately connected with the quantum correlation function of two observables measured at distinct times, is becoming increasingly relevant for fundamental physics and quantum technologies.…

When an external parameter drives a system across a quantum phase transition at a finite rate, work is performed on the system and entropy is dissipated, due to the creation of excitations via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Although both the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Zhanyu Ma , Andrew K. Mitchell , Eran Sela

We investigate the formulation of work distributions for quantum scalar fields in static curved spacetimes by extending the Ramsey interferometric protocol originally developed in previous works for flat spacetimes. The use of Unruh-DeWitt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Rafael L. S. Costa , Marcos L. W. Basso , Jonas Maziero , Lucas C. Céleri

In this tutorial, we present the definition, interpretation and properties of some of the main quasiprobabilities that can describe the statistics of measurement outcomes evaluated at two or more times. Such statistics incorporate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-23 Stefano Gherardini , Gabriele De Chiara

In the conventional two-point measurement scheme of quantum thermodynamics, quantum coherence is destroyed by the first measurement. But as we know the coherence really plays an important role in the quantum thermodynamics process, and how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-30 Bao-Ming Xu , Jian Zou , Li-Sha Guo , Xiang-Mu Kong

Various approaches of defining and determining work performed on a quantum system are compared. Any operational definition of work, however, must allow for two facts, first, that work characterizes a process rather than an instantaneous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 Peter Talkner , Peter Hanggi

Characterizing the work statistics of driven complex quantum systems is generally challenging because of the exponential growth with the system size of the number of transitions involved between different energy levels. We consider the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-07 Aurélia Chenu , Javier Molina-Vilaplana , Adolfo del Campo

We study the statistics of work, dissipation, and entropy production of a quantum quasi-isothermal process, where the system remains close to the thermal equilibrium along the transformation. We derive a general analytic expression for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Matteo Scandi , Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders , Marti Perarnau-Llobet

The thermodynamic behavior of out-of-equilibrium quantum systems in finite-time dynamics encompasses the description of energy fluctuations, which dictates a series of system's physical properties. In addition, strong interactions in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Krissia Zawadzki , Roberto M. Serra , Irene D'Amico

Ramsey interferometry is a key technique for precision spectroscopy and to probe the coherence of quantum systems. Typically, an interferometer is constructed using two quantum states and involves a time-dependent interaction with two short…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-17 Chetan Sriram Madasu , Ketan Damji Rathod , Chang Chi Kwong , David Wilkowski

Ramsey interferometry is a widely used tool for precisely measuring transition frequencies between two energy levels of a quantum system, with applications in time-keeping, precision spectroscopy, quantum optics, and quantum information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-21 H. Hainzer , D. Kiesenhofer , T. Ollikainen , M. Bock , F. Kranzl , M. K. Joshi , G. Yoeli , R. Blatt , T. Gefen , C. F. Roos

We proposed a spectroscopic method that extends Ramsey's atomic spectroscopy to detect the transition frequency of a qubit fabricated on a superconducting circuit. The method uses a multi-interval train of qubit biases to implement an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Yan Zhang , Tiantian Huan , Ri-gui Zhou , Hou Ian

In this article we introduce a quasiprobability distribution of work that is based on the Wigner function. This construction rests on the idea that the work done on an isolated system can be coherently measured by coupling the system to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-03 Federico Cerisola , Franco Mayo , Augusto J. Roncaglia

A central topic in the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics is the definition of thermodynamic work in the quantum regime. One widely used solution is to define work for a closed system undergoing non-equilibrium dynamics according to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-16 Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders

Work is an observable quantity associated with a process, however there is no Hermitian operator associated with its measurement. We consider an ancilla-assisted protocol measuring the work done on a quantum system driven by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Shadi Ali Ahmad , Alexander R. H. Smith

The dynamical spreading of quantum information through a many-body system, typically called scrambling, is a complex process that has proven to be essential to describe many properties of out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. Scrambling can,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-22 Philip Daniel Blocher , Karthik Chinni , Sivaprasad Omanakuttan , Pablo M. Poggi

A complete understanding of the statistics of the work done by quenching a parameter of a quantum many-body system is still lacking in the presence of an initial quantum coherence in the energy basis. In this case, the work can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-07 Gianluca Francica , Luca Dell'Anna