Related papers: Photon: New light on an old name
Photons have been a flagship system for studying quantum mechanics, advancing quantum information science, and developing quantum technologies. Quantum entanglement, teleportation, quantum key distribution and early quantum computing…
A view of emission and absorption of photons by atoms, which was proposed by Max Planck, is recalled. A direct experiment that could corroborate or refute that view is defined.
The interplay between optical and statistical physics is a rich and exciting field of study. Black body radiation was the first application of photon statistics, although it was initially treated as a problem of the cavity oscillators in…
Image processing is popular in our daily life because of the need to extract essential information from our 3D world, including a variety of applications in widely separated fields like bio-medicine, economics, entertainment, and industry.…
Information processing with light is ubiquitous, from communication, metrology and imaging to computing. When we consider light as a quantum mechanical object, new ways of information processing become possible. In this review I give an…
Under certain running conditions, the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can be considered as a photon-photon collider. Indeed, in proton-proton, proton-ion, ion-ion collisions, when incoming particles pass very close to each other in very…
The Einstein-Rupp experiments were proposed in 1926 by Albert Einstein to study the wave versus particle nature of light. Einstein presented a theoretical analysis of these experiments to the Berlin Academy together with results of Emil…
Two photons are said to be identical when they are prepared in the same quantum state. Given the latter, there is a unique way to achieve this. Conversely, there are many different manners to prepare two non-identical photons: they may have…
Compared to classical optical coherence theory based on Maxwell's electromagnetic theory and Glauber's quantum optical coherence theory based on matrix mechanics formulation of quantum mechanics, quantum optical coherence theory based on…
While quantum mechanics precludes the perfect knowledge of so-called "conjugate" variables, such as time and frequency, we discuss the importance of compromising to retain a fair knowledge of their combined values. In the case of light, we…
If Einstein's photon is $E = cp = \hbar\omega$, Wigner's photon is its helicity which is a Lorentz-invariant concept coming from the E(2)-like little group for massless particles. In addition, the E(2)-like little group has two…
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) argued that the quantum-mechanical probabilistic description of physical reality had to be incomplete, in order to avoid an instantaneous action between distant measurements. This suggested the need for…
The discovery of atomic nucleus by E. Rutherford, at the beginning of the twentieth century, was the Nuclear Physics original landmark. From then, a series of experiments in which beams of particles composed of neutrons, protons and others,…
The name "big bang" introduced by Fred Hoyle in 1949 is one of the most successful scientific neologisms ever. How did the name originate and how was it received by physicists and astronomers in the period leading up to the hot big bang…
Two experiments were made using a microwave generator, which sent a narrow beam, through a metallic plate with horizontal movement. At the other end a horn antenna coupled to a field-strength detector. In linear polarization double cycloids…
This is a review with some comments on the A. Einstein`s 1911 paper, which he published as one of his many attempts of the general theory of relativity. The main point of the idea is to propose a new approach about light and its motion as…
Feynman gave a famous elementary introduction to quantum theory by discussing the thin-film reflection of light. We make his discussion mathematically rigorous, keeping it elementary, using his other idea. The resulting model leads to…
Einstein is usually revered as the father of special and general relativity. In this article I demonstrate that he is also the father of Solid State Physics, or even his broader version known as Condensed Matter Physics (including liquids).…
We give a pedagogical overview of dark photons. We describe the theory and their importance in particle physics research, and discuss searches using laboratory, astrophysical, and cosmological probes.
In this paper, we have proposed $SU(2)$ non-Abelian electromagnetism gauge theory. In the theory, photon has self-interaction and interaction, which can explain photon entanglement phenomenon in quantum information. Otherwise, we find there…