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The misuse of deep learning-based facial manipulation poses a significant threat to civil rights. To prevent this fraud at its source, proactive defense has been proposed to disrupt the manipulation process by adding invisible adversarial…

Face Recognition is most used for biometric user authentication that identifies a user based on his or her facial features. The system is in high demand, as it is used by many businesses and employed in many devices such as smartphones and…

Face recognition is a biometric which is attracting significant research, commercial and government interest, as it provides a discreet, non-intrusive way of detecting, and recognizing individuals, without need for the subject's knowledge…

The considerable body of data available for evaluating biometric recognition systems in Research and Development (R\&D) environments has contributed to the increasingly common problem of target performance mismatch. Biometric algorithms are…

Fingerprint recognition systems are widely deployed in various real-life applications as they have achieved high accuracy. The widely used applications include border control, automated teller machine (ATM), and attendance monitoring…

Authentication systems are vulnerable to model inversion attacks where an adversary is able to approximate the inverse of a target machine learning model. Biometric models are a prime candidate for this type of attack. This is because…

The standard methods of identification such as PIN Numbers (Personal Identification Number), Passwords, smart cards can be easily stolen and can be misused easily. To overcome this, biometric is introduced, as it will be unique to each…

With the widespread use of biometric recognition, several issues related to the privacy and security provided by this technology have been recently raised and analysed. As a result, the early common belief among the biometrics community of…

The proliferation of digital technologies has led to unprecedented data collection, with facial data emerging as a particularly sensitive commodity. Companies are increasingly leveraging advanced facial recognition technologies, often…

Although deep learning has yielded impressive performance for face recognition, many studies have shown that different networks learn different feature maps: while some networks are more receptive to pose and illumination others appear to…

Despite the remarkable performance of deep neural networks for face detection and recognition tasks in the visible spectrum, their performance on more challenging non-visible domains is comparatively still lacking. While significant…

The kernel function is introduced to solve the nonlinear pattern recognition problem. The advantage of a kernel method often depends critically on a proper choice of the kernel function. A promising approach is to learn the kernel from data…

Face presentation attack detection (fPAD) plays a critical role in the modern face recognition pipeline. A face presentation attack detection model with good generalization can be obtained when it is trained with face images from different…

Biometric data is pervasively captured and analyzed. Using modern machine learning approaches, identity and attribute inferences attacks have proven high accuracy. Anonymizations aim to mitigate such disclosures by modifying data in a way…

Recent advancements in deep learning have revolutionized technology and security measures, necessitating robust identification methods. Biometric approaches, leveraging personalized characteristics, offer a promising solution. However, Face…

Fingerprint is widely used in a variety of applications. Security measures have to be taken to protect the privacy of fingerprint data. Cancelable biometrics is proposed as an effective mechanism of using and protecting biometrics. In this…

The increasing reliance on diffusion models for generating synthetic images has amplified concerns about the unauthorized use of personal data, particularly facial images, in model training. In this paper, we introduce a novel identity…

The widespread use of image acquisition technologies, along with advances in facial recognition, has raised serious privacy concerns. Face de-identification usually refers to the process of concealing or replacing personal identifiers,…

With the rise of cameras and smart sensors, humanity generates an exponential amount of data. This valuable information, including underrepresented cases like AI in medical settings, can fuel new deep-learning tools. However, data…

The main scope of this chapter is to serve as an introduction to face presentation attack detection, including key resources and advances in the field in the last few years. The next pages present the different presentation attacks that a…