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The Liouville Brownian motion which was introduced in \cite{GRV} is a natural diffusion process associated with a random metric in two dimensional Liouville quantum gravity. In this paper we construct the Liouville Brownian motion via…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-24 Jiyong Shin

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a $d$-regular graph on $n$ vertices and let $\mu_0$ be a probability measure on $V$. The act of moving to a randomly chosen neighbor leads to a sequence of probability measures supported on $V$ given by $\mu_{k+1} = A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Stefan Steinerberger , Rekha R. Thomas

Lower bound on the equivariant Hilbertian compression exponent $\alpha$ are obtained using random walks. More precisely, if the probability of return of the simple random walk is $\succeq \textrm{exp}(-n^\gamma)$ in a Cayley graph then…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Antoine Gournay

We provide equivalent conditions for Liouville property of actions of groups. As an application, we show that there is a Liouville measure for the action of the Thompson group $F$ on dyadic rationals. This result should be compared with a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-12 Kate Juschenko , Tianyi Zheng

Let $G$ be a real Lie group, $\Lambda<G$ a lattice and $H<G$ a connected semisimple subgroup without compact factors and with finite center. We define the notion of $H$-expanding measures $\mu$ on $H$ and, applying recent work of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-07-06 Roland Prohaska , Cagri Sert , Ronggang Shi

Let $\mu$ be a symmetric probability measure of finite entropy on a group $G$. We show that if $-\log \mu^{(2n)}(id)=o(n^{1/2})$, then the pair $(G,\mu)$ has the Liouville property (all bounded $\mu$-harmonic functions on $G$ are constant).…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-13 Yuval Peres , Tianyi Zheng

We show that for each $\gamma \in (0,2)$, there is a unique metric (i.e., distance function) associated with $\gamma$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG). More precisely, we show that for the whole-plane Gaussian free field (GFF) $h$, there is…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-23 Ewain Gwynne , Jason Miller

Let $G$ be a connected semisimple real Lie group with finite center, and $\mu$ a probability measure on $G$ whose support generates a Zariski-dense subgroup of $G$. We consider the right $\mu$-random walk on $G$ and show that each random…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Timothée Bénard

For graphs with non-negative Ollivier curvature, we prove the Liouville property, i.e., every bounded harmonic function is constant. Moreover, we improve Ollivier's results on concentration of the measure under positive Ollivier curvature.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-04 Jürgen Jost , Florentin Münch , Christian Rose

For continuous maps on a compact manifold M, particularly for those that do not preserve the Lebesgue measure m, we define the observable invariant probability measures as a generalization of the physical measures. We prove that any…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-03-01 E. Catsigeras , H. Enrich

We consider a complete noncompact smooth metric measure space $(M^n,g,e^{-f} dv)$ and the associated drifting Laplacian. We find sufficient conditions on the geometry of the space so that every nonnegative $f$-subharmonic function with…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Nelia Charalambous , Zhiqin Lu

A fundamental theorem of Liouville asserts that positive entire harmonic functions in Euclidean spaces must be constant. A remarkable Liouville-type theorem of Caffarelli-Gidas-Spruck states that positive entire solutions of $-\Delta u=u^{…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-09-23 BaoZhi Chu , YanYan Li , Zongyuan Li

We construct a stochastic process, called the Liouville Brownian motion, which is the Brownian motion associated to the metric $e^{\gamma X(z)}\,dz^2$, $\gamma<\gamma_c=2$ and $X$ is a Gaussian Free Field. Such a process is conjectured to…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-05 Christophe Garban , Rémi Rhodes , Vincent Vargas

For $\gamma \in (0,2)$, we define a weak $\gamma$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) metric to be a function $h\mapsto D_h$ which takes in an instance of the planar Gaussian free field (GFF) and outputs a metric on the plane satisfying a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-03 Julien Dubédat , Hugo Falconet , Ewain Gwynne , Joshua Pfeffer , Xin Sun

We establish new Liouville-type theorems for the stationary Navier-Stokes equations in $\mathbb{R}^3$. A central open problem in this context is whether the classical $L^{9/2}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ condition of G.Galdi can be relaxed. In this note…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Gaston Vergara-Hermosilla

Let $V=\mathbb R^d$ be the Euclidean $d$-dimensional space, $\mu$ (resp $\lambda$) a probability measure on the linear (resp affine) group $G=G L (V)$ (resp $H= \Aff (V))$ and assume that $\mu$ is the projection of $\lambda$ on $G$. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Yves Guivarc'H , Emile Le Page

Let $h$ be a log-correlated Gaussian field on $\R^d$, let $\gamma \in (0,\sqrt{2d}),$ let $\mu_h$ be the $\gamma$-Gaussian multiplicative chaos measure, and let $D_h$ be an exponential metric associated with $h$ satisfying certain natural…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-18 Andres A. Contreras Hip , Ewain Gwynne

The classical Liouville theorem states that a bounded harmonic function on all of $\RR^n$ must be constant. In the early 1970s, S.T. Yau vastly generalized this, showing that it holds for manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Tobias Holck Colding , William P. Minicozzi

We identify a single computationally checkable analytic quantity interlacing Martin boundary collapse, Green geometry, and linear escape for transient random walks on finitely generated groups: the Green-variation functional \[…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Mayukh Mukherjee , Soumyadeb Samanta , Soumyadip Thandar

We prove that random walks on Thompson's group $F$ driven by strictly non-degenerate finitely supported probability measures $\mu$ have a non-trivial Poisson boundary. The proof consists in an explicit construction of two different…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-23 Vadim A. Kaimanovich