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Related papers: CAPTCHA Based on Human Cognitive Factor

200 papers

Crowdsourcing human-solving or online typing attacks are destructive problems. However, studies into these topics have been limited. In this paper, we focus on this kind of attacks whereby all the CAPTCHAs can be simply broken because of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Jianyi Zhang , Xiali Hei , Zhiqiang Wang

With the growth of connectivity to smart grids, new applications, and the changing interaction between customer and energy clouds, clouds are more vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks. Efficient detection methods are required to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Monther Aldwairi , Suaad Mohammed , Megana Lakshmi Padmanabhan

CAPTCHAs have long been essential tools for protecting applications from automated bots. Initially designed as simple questions to distinguish humans from bots, they have become increasingly complex to keep pace with the proliferation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ziqi Ding , Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Junchen Ding , Jieshan Chen , Yulei Sui , Yuekang Li

In this paper the elements of the CAPTCHA usability are analyzed. CAPTCHA, as a time progressive element in computer science, has been under constant interest of ordinary, professional as well as the scientific users of the Internet. The…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Darko Brodić , Alessia Amelio , Ivo R. Draganov

Completely Automated Public Turing Test To Tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) is a type of challenge-response test widely used in authentication systems. A well-known challenge it faces is the CAPTCHA farm, where workers are hired to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Rui Jin , Yong Liao , Pengyuan Zhou

Nowadays, CAPTCHAs are computer generated tests that human can pass but current computer systems can not. They have common usage in various web services in order to be able to detect a human from computer programs autonomously. In this way,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Ahmet Faruk Cakmak , Muhammet Balcilar

Completely Automated Public Turing tests to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHAs) are a foundational component of web security, yet traditional implementations suffer from a trade-off between usability and resilience against AI-powered…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ayda Aghaei Nia

Reliable human-machine discrimination is becoming increasingly important as large language models and autonomous agents are deployed in online settings. Existing approaches evaluate whether a system can produce behavior or responses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Milena Rmus , Mathew D. Hardy , Thomas L. Griffiths , Mayank Agrawal

As automation bot technology and Artificial Intelligence is evolving rapidly, conventional human verification techniques like voice CAPTCHAs and knowledge-based authentication are becoming less effective. Bots and scrapers with Artificial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Aditya Mitra , Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman , Devi Priya V S

CAPTCHAs are widely employed for distinguishing humans from automated bots online. However, current vision based CAPTCHAs face escalating security risks: traditional attacks continue to bypass many deployed CAPTCHA schemes, and recent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Ziqi Ding , Shangzhi Xu , Wei Song , Yuekang Li

Online services rely on CAPTCHAs as a first line of defense against automated abuse, yet recent advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have eroded the effectiveness of conventional designs that focus on text recognition or 2D…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Arina Kharlamova , Bowei He , Chen Ma , Xue Liu

As smart phones and tablets are becoming ubiquitous and taking over as the primary choice for accessing the Internet worldwide, ensuring a secure gateway to the servers serving such devices become essential. CAPTCHAs play an important role…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-12-25 C. B Bulumulla , R. G. Ragel

A secure human identification protocol aims at authenticating human users to a remote server when even the users' inputs are not hidden from an adversary. Recently, the authors proposed a human identification protocol in the RSA Conference…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hassan Jameel , Heejo Lee , Sungyoung Lee

As autonomous AI agents increasingly populate the Internet, a novel security challenge arises: "Is this entity an AI agent?" It is a new entity-type verification problem with no established solution. We formalize the problem through a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zuyao Xu , Xiang Li , Fubin Wu , Yuqi Qiu , Lu Sun , FaSheng Miao

Human computation is an approach to solving problems that prove difficult using AI only, and involves the cooperation of many humans. Because human computation requires close engagement with both "human populations as users" and "human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Hisashi Kashima , Satoshi Oyama , Hiromi Arai , Junichiro Mori

Automated testing tools typically create test cases that are different from what human testers create. This often makes the tools less effective, the created tests harder to understand, and thus results in tools providing less support to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Eduard Enoiu , Robert Feldt

Text CAPTCHA has been an effective means to protect online systems from spams and abuses caused by automatic scripts which pretend to be human beings. However, nearly all the Text CAPTCHA designs in nowadays are based on English characters,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Junnan Yu , Xuna Ma , Ting Han

The paper analyzes the interaction between humans and computers in terms of response time in solving the image-based CAPTCHA. In particular, the analysis focuses on the attitude of the different Internet users in easily solving four…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Darko Brodić , Alessia Amelio

Password users frequently employ passwords that are too simple, or they just reuse passwords for multiple websites. A common complaint is that utilizing secure passwords is too difficult. One possible solution to this problem is to use a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Elan Rosenfeld , Santosh Vempala , Manuel Blum

What can humans compute in their heads? We are thinking of a variety of Crypto Protocols, games like Sudoku, Crossword Puzzles, Speed Chess, and so on. The intent of this paper is to apply the ideas and methods of theoretical computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Manuel Blum , Santosh Vempala