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A two-dimensional (2D) electron gas formed in a modulation-doped GaAs/AlGaAs single quantum well undergoes a first-order transition when the first excited subband is occupied with electrons, as the Fermi level is tuned into resonance with…
We consider a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the Quantum Hall regime in the presence of a Zeeman field, with the Fermi level tuned to filling factor $\nu=1$. We show that, in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, contacting the 2DEG…
We investigate single-particle excitation properties in the normal state of a two-band superconductor or superfluid throughout the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) to Bose-Einstein-condensation (BEC) crossover, within the many-body T-matrix…
Superconductivity often emerges as a dome around a quantum critical point (QCP) where long-range order is suppressed to zero temperature. So far, this has been mostly studied in magnetically ordered materials. By contrast, the interplay…
We study two models realized by two-component Fermi gases loaded in optical lattices. We clarify that multi-band effects inevitably caused by the optical lattices generate a rich structure, when the systems crossover from the region of…
Several experiments reveal the inhomogeneous character of the superconducting state that occurs when the carrier density of the two-dimensional electron gas formed at the LaXO3/SrTiO3 (X=Al or Ti) interface is tuned above a threshold value…
Coupled hybrid nanostructures are demonstrated using the combination of lithographically patterned graphene on top of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) buried in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. The graphene forms Schottky barriers at the…
Different types of superfluid ground states have been investigated in systems of two species of fermions with Fermi surfaces that do not match. This study is relevant for cold atomic systems, condensed matter physics and quark matter. In…
While 203 K high temperature superconductivity in H3S has been interpreted by BCS theory in the dirty limit here we focus on the effects of hydrogen zero-point-motion and the multiband electronic structure relevant for multigap…
In order to clarify superconducting properties of BiS$_2$-based layered superconductors LaO$_{1-x}$F$_x$BiS$_2$, we evaluate the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ and analyze the gap function in a weak-coupling limit on the…
The Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) condensation and the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) are the two extreme limits of the ground state of the paired fermion systems. We report crossover behavior from the BCS condensation to the BEC…
We present an overview of our recent measurements on the crossover from a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecules to a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superfluid. The experiments are performed on a two-component spin-mixture of $^6$Li atoms, where…
The nature of superconductivity in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides is still an object of debate. It has already been argued that repulsive Coulomb interactions, combined with the disjoint Fermi surfaces around the $K$, $K'$…
We find that, under appropriate conditions, electrons can pass a barrier etched across a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) by field emission from the GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction into a second, low-density 2DEG formed deep in the substrate.…
The discovery of two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at the interface between two insulating complex oxides, such as LaAlO3 (LAO) or gamma-Al2O3 (GAO) epitaxially grown on SrTiO3 (STO) 1,2, provides an opportunity for developing…
Competition between collective states like charge density wave and superconductivity is played out in some of the transition metal dichalcogenides unencumbered by the spin degrees of freedom. Although 2H-NbSe$_2$ has received much less…
Superconductivity at the interface of a heterostructure confined to nanometer-sized scale offers unique opportunities to study the exotic physics of two-dimensional superconductivity. The realization of superconductivity at the interface…
By means of ab initio calculations the possibilities of switchable spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface of antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric perovskites, i.e., LaMnO3/BaTiO3 superlattice, were investigated.…
The coupling of optical and electronic degrees of freedom together with quantum confinement in low-dimensional electron systems is particularly interesting for achieving exotic functionalities in strongly correlated oxide electronics.…
We consider Kohn-Luttinger mechanism for superconductivity in a two-dimensional electron gas confined to a narrow well between two metallic planes with two occupied subbands with Fermi momenta $k_{FL} > k_{FS}$. On the basis of a…