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Factor analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) are used in many application areas. The first step, choosing the number of components, remains a serious challenge. Our work proposes improved methods for this important problem. One of…
Advanced Patch Attacks (PAs) on object detection in natural images have pointed out the great safety vulnerability in methods based on deep neural networks. However, little attention has been paid to this topic in Optical Remote Sensing…
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae are emerging as a sustainable protein source for animal feed and human nutrition. Ensuring consistent amino acid composition is crucial for quality control, necessitating rapid, non-destructive…
Despite being used for decades as stabilizers, amino acids (AAs) remain mysterious components of many medical and biological formulations. Hypotheses on their role vary ranging from hydrotropic to protein-specific effects (stabilization…
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of great astrochemical and astrobiological interest due to their potential to form prebiotic molecules. We analyse the 7.7 and 8.6 ${\mu}$m PAH bands in 126 predominantly starburst-dominated…
The term "Active Plasma Resonance Spectroscopy" (APRS) denotes a class of related techniques which utilize, for diagnostic purposes, the natural ability of plasmas to resonate on or near the electron plasma frequency $\omega_{\rm pe}$: A…
The understanding of protein structure, folding, and interaction with other proteins remains one of the grand challenges of modern biology. Tremendous progress has been made thanks to X-ray- or electron-based techniques that have provided…
The first generation of large-scale chemical tagging surveys, in particular the HERMES/GALAH million star survey, promises to vastly expand our understanding of the chemical and dynamical evolution of the Galaxy. This, however, is…
Low concentration hydrogen gas detection is of paramount importance both in space applications as well as medical applications. It is also critically important for safe handling of hydrogen below the explosive limit. Here, we report a novel…
Context. Recently, for the first time the abundance of P has been measured in disk stars. This provides the opportunity of comparing the observed abundances with predictions from theoretical models. Aims. We aim at predicting the chemical…
This paper presents Automatic Algorithm Discoverer (AAD), an evolutionary framework for synthesizing programs of high complexity. To guide evolution, prior evolutionary algorithms have depended on fitness (objective) functions, which are…
The geometric phase analysis (GPA) algorithm is known as a robust and straightforward technique that can be used to measure lattice strains in high resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) images. It is also attractive for analysis…
Polyynes are linear sp-carbon chains of finite length consisting in a sequence of alternated single and triple bonds and displaying appealing optical and electronic properties. A simple, low cost and scalable production technique for…
A disconcerting ramification of water pollution caused by burgeoning populations, rapid industrialization and modernization of agriculture, has been the exponential increase in the incidence of algal growth across the globe. Harmful algal…
The characterization of the electronic structure and chemical states of gases, solids, and liquids can be effectively performed using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS). However, the acquisition of electronic and…
Aphids are one of the main threats to crops, rural families, and global food security. Chemical pest control is a necessary component of crop production for maximizing yields, however, it is unnecessary to apply the chemical approaches to…
Images are used frequently in plant phenotyping to capture measurements. This chapter offers a repeatable method for capturing two-dimensional measurements of plant parts in field or laboratory settings using a variety of camera styles…
Addressing plant diseases and pests is critical for enhancing crop production and preventing economic losses. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) have significantly improved the…
Neutral hydrogen clouds with high column density detected towards distant quasars are unique probes of elemental nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution in the low metallicity regime. They provide measurements for several elements at very…
Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) is a powerful technique for detecting microstructural defects in various material classes. In a commonly used 180{\deg} detector configuration equipped with plastic scintillators,…