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Cosmological models where dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) interact with each other are the general scenarios in compared to the non-interacting models. The interaction is usually motivated from the phenomenological ground and thus…
Dynamical dark energy (DE) has been proposed to explain various aspects of the cosmological constant (CC) problem(s). For example, it is very difficult to accept that a strictly constant Lambda-term constitutes the ultimate explanation for…
Models where Dark Matter and Dark Energy interact with each other have been proposed to solve the coincidence problem. We review the motivations underlying the need to introduce such interaction, its influence on the background dynamics and…
Dark energy is a fundamental constituent of our universe, its status in the cosmological field equation should be equivalent to that of gravity. Here we construct a dark energy and matter gravity coupling (DEMC) model of cosmology in a way…
Modern astronomical data on galaxy and cosmological scales have revealed powerfully the existence of certain dark sectors of fundamental physics, i.e., existence of particles and fields outside the standard models and inaccessible by…
Dark matter (DM) with self-interactions is a promising solution for the small-scale problems of the standard cosmological model. Here we perform the first cosmological simulation of frequent DM self-interactions, corresponding to…
The early cosmic inflation, when taken along with the recent observations that the universe is currently dominated by a low density vacuum energy, leads to at least two potential problems which modern cosmology must address. First, there is…
(Abridged) Present cosmological constraints and the absence of a direct detection and identification of any dark matter particle candidate leave room to the possibility that the dark sector of the Universe be actually more complex than it…
These lectures describe how the Standard Model of cosmology ($\Lambda$CDM) has developped, based on observational facts but also on ideas formed in the context of the theory of fundamental interactions, both gravitational and…
While there is plentiful evidence in all fronts of experimental cosmology for the existence of a non-vanishing dark energy (DE) density \rho_D in the Universe, we are still far away from having a fundamental understanding of its ultimate…
To our best knowledge, there are no problem books on cosmology yet, that would include its spectacular recent achievements. We believe there is a strong need for such now, when cosmology is swiftly becoming a strict and vast science, and…
This is one chapter of the collection of problems in cosmology, in which we assemble the problems, with solutions, that concern one of the most distinctive features of general relativity and cosmology---the horizons. The first part gives an…
We consider three cosmological models with linear interaction between the dark components and obtain restrictions on the coupling constant in terms of the cosmographic parameters. It enables us to find constraints on the coupling constant…
We reconsider the dynamics of the Universe in the presence of interactions in the cosmological dark sector. A class of interacting models is introduced via a real function $f\left(r\right)$ of the ratio $r$ between the energy densities of…
In this study, cosmological models are considered, where dark matter and dark energy are coupled and may exchange energy through non-gravitational interactions with one other. These interacting dark energy (IDE) models have previously been…
In this paper we study new cosmological models involving new forms of non-gravitational interaction between cold dark matter and dark energy. The main purpose is to demonstrate the applicability of the forms of interaction to the problem in…
In this article, we review a series of recent theoretical results regarding a conventional approach to the dark energy (DE) concept. This approach is distinguished among others for its simplicity and its physical relevance. By compromising…
Interacting dark energy-dark matter models have been widely analyzed in the literature in an attempt to find traces of new physics beyond the usual cosmological ($\Lambda$CDM) models. Such a coupling between both dark components is usually…
We investigate a class of interacting dark energy and dark matter (DM) models, where dark energy is modeled as a $k$-essence scalar field with an inverse-square potential. Two general forms of interaction are considered: one proportional to…
The increasing observational pressure on the standard cosmological model motivates analyses going beyond the paradigm of the collision-less cold dark matter (DM). Since the only clear evidence for the existence of DM is based on…