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We analyze quantum measurement and entanglement by solving the dynamics of stochastic amplitudes that propagate both forward and backward in time. The model allows simulation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen and Bell correlations, and reveals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 M. D. Reid , P. D. Drummond

We model measuring processes of a single spin-1/2 object and of a pair of spin-1/2 objects in the EPR-Bohm state by systems of differential equations. Our model is a local model with hidden-variables of the EPR-Bohm Gedankenexperiment.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 S. Uchiyama

Although Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is represented by a rigorously proven relation about intrinsic indeterminacy in quantum states, Heisenberg's error-disturbance relation (EDR) has been commonly believed as another aspect of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Yuki Inoue , Masanao Ozawa

We discuss recent progress in the development of simulation algorithms that do not rely on any concept of quantum theory but are nevertheless capable of reproducing the averages computed from quantum theory through an event-by-event…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-31 H. De Raedt , S. Zhao , S. Yuan , F. Jin , K. Michielsen , S. Miyashita

The PBR theorem gives insight into how quantum mechanics describes a physical system. This paper explores PBRs' general result and shows that it does not disallow the ensemble interpretation of quantum mechanics and maintains, as it must,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 Anthony Rizzi

We analyze the assumptions that are made in the proofs of Bell-type inequalities for the results of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen type of experiments. We find that the introduction of time-like random variables permits the construction of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karl Hess , Walter Philipp

The Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox highlights several strange properties of quantum mechanics including the super position of states, the non locality and its limitation to determine an experiment only statistically. Here, this well known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Roland Riek

Relativistic invariance is a physical law verified in several domains of physics. The impossibility of faster than light influences is not questioned by quantum theory. In quantum electrodynamics, in quantum field theory and in the standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-05 Marian Kupczynski

The status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical frameworks for analyzing them are reviewed and updated. Einstein's equivalence principle (EEP) is well supported by experiments such as the Eotvos experiment, tests…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-08-06 Clifford M. Will

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox that argues for the incompleteness of quantum mechanics as a description of physical reality has been put to rest by John Bell's famous theorem, which inspired numerous experimental tests and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-10 Masud Mansuripur

Expository paper providing a historical survey of the gradual transformation of the "philosophical discussions" between Bohr, Einstein and Schr\"odinger on foundational issues in quantum mechanics into a quantitative prediction of a new…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Ludmil Hadjiivanov , Ivan Todorov

In a Bell test, the set of observed probability distributions complying with the principle of local realism is fully characterized by Bell inequalities. Quantum theory allows for a violation of these inequalities, which is famously regarded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Mariami Gachechiladze , Bartłomiej Bąk , Marcin Pawłowski , Nikolai Miklin

This paper is aimed to dissociate nonlocality from quantum theory. We demonstrate that the tests on violation of the Bell type inequalities are simply statistical tests of local incompatibility of observables. In fact, these are tests on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Andrei Khrennikov

The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-27 Matty J. Hoban

Bell tests---the experimental demonstration of a Bell inequality violation---are central to understanding the foundations of quantum mechanics, underpin quantum technologies, and are a powerful diagnostic tool for technological developments…

An ambiguity is pointed out in J.S. Bell's argument that the distinction between quantum mechanics and hidden variable theories cannot be found in the behavior of single-particle beams. Within the context of theories for which states are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel I. Fivel

The celebrating theorem of A. Fine implies that the CHSH inequality is violated if and only if the joint probability distribution for the quadruples of observables involved the EPR-Bohm-Bell experiment does not exist, i.e., it is impossible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Andrei Khrennikov

Device-independent randomness generation and quantum key distribution protocols rely on a fundamental relation between the non-locality of quantum theory and its random character. This relation is usually expressed in terms of a trade-off…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-20 Olmo Nieto-Silleras , Cédric Bamps , Jonathan Silman , Stefano Pironio

According to quantum theory, the outcomes of future measurements cannot (in general) be predicted with certainty. In some cases, even with a complete physical description of the system to be measured and the measurement apparatus, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-16 Terence E. Stuart , Joshua A. Slater , Roger Colbeck , Renato Renner , Wolfgang Tittel

The widespread claim that violations of Bell inequalities establish the nonlocality of nature is critically reexamined. It is argued that this conclusion is not logically compelled by either the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) argument or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Partha Ghose