Related papers: An Algebra of Causal Chains
In the logic programming paradigm, a program is defined by a set of methods, each of which can be executed when specific conditions are met during the current state of an execution. The semantics of these programs can be elegantly…
Formal deductive systems are very common in computer science. They are used to represent logics, programming languages, and security systems. Moreover, writing programs that manipulate them and that reason about them is important and…
We introduce a generalized logic programming paradigm where programs, consisting of facts and rules with the usual syntax, can be enriched by co-facts, which syntactically resemble facts but have a special meaning. As in coinductive logic…
A typical problem in causal modeling is the instability of model structure learning, i.e., small changes in finite data can result in completely different optimal models. The present work introduces a novel causal modeling algorithm for…
A fundamental result from Boolean modal logic states that a first-order definable class of Kripke frames defines a logic that is validated by all of its canonical frames. We generalise this to the level of non-distributive logics that have…
This book can be seen either as a text on theorem proving that uses techniques from general algebra, or else as a text on general algebra illustrated and made concrete by practical exercises in theorem proving. The book considers several…
We describe a graph-theoretic syntax for self-referential formulas as well as a four-valued logic to include contradictory and independent formulas. We then explore the degree to which generalized truth tables can be realized in our theory,…
We present a logic for reasoning with if-then formulas which involve constants for rational truth degrees from the unit interval. We introduce graded semantic and syntactic entailment of formulas. We prove the logic is complete in Pavelka…
Adjoint logic is a general approach to combining multiple logics with different structural properties, including linear, affine, strict, and (ordinary) intuitionistic logics, where each proposition has an intrinsic mode of truth. It has…
Propositional formulas that are equivalent in intuitionistic logic, or in its extension known as the logic of here-and-there, have the same stable models. We extend this theorem to propositional formulas with infinitely long conjunctions…
Predictive models are being increasingly used to support consequential decision making at the individual level in contexts such as pretrial bail and loan approval. As a result, there is increasing social and legal pressure to provide…
We present a static analysis technique for non-termination inference of logic programs. Our framework relies on an extension of the subsumption test, where some specific argument positions can be instantiated while others are generalized.…
I discuss two approaches to monotonic proof-theoretic semantics. In the first one, which I call SVA, consequence is understood in terms of existence of valid arguments. The latter involve the notions of argument structure and justification…
We investigate mca-programs, that is, logic programs with clauses built of monotone cardinality atoms of the form kX, where k is a non-negative integer and X is a finite set of propositional atoms. We develop a theory of mca-programs. We…
Consequence-based reasoning can be used to construct proofs that explain entailments of description logic (DL) ontologies. In the literature, one can find multiple consequence-based calculi for reasoning in the $\mathcal{EL}$ family of DLs,…
We propose a procedure for automated implicit inductive theorem proving for equational specifications made of rewrite rules with conditions and constraints. The constraints are interpreted over constructor terms (representing data values),…
We propose new definitions of (causal) explanation, using structural equations to model counterfactuals. The definition is based on the notion of actual cause, as defined and motivated in a companion paper. Essentially, an explanation is a…
Many formal languages include binders as well as operators that satisfy equational axioms, such as commutativity. Here we consider the nominal language, a general formal framework which provides support for the representation of binders,…
We prove the canonicity of inductive inequalities in a constructive meta-theory, for classes of logics algebraically captured by varieties of normal and regular lattice expansions. This result encompasses Ghilardi-Meloni's and Suzuki's…
Tarski gave a general semantics for deductive reasoning: a formula a may be deduced from a set A of formulas iff a holds in all models in which each of the elements of A holds. A more liberal semantics has been considered: a formula a may…