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Assuming that giant planets are formed in thin protoplanetary discs, a '3D' system can form, provided that the mutual inclination is excited by some dynamical mechanism. Resonant interactions and close planetary encounters are thought to be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 A. -S. Libert , K. Tsiganis

Mean motion resonances (MMRs) are a generic outcome of convergent migration for bodies embedded in accretion disks around a central mass. Long studied in planetary systems, the same phenomenon should occur for stellar-mass black holes (BHs)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-16 Marguerite Epstein-Martin , Nicholas Stone , Juliette Becker

In this work, we extensively investigate the formation of near 4:2:1 mean motion resonances (MMRs) configuration by performing two sets of N-body simulations. We model the eccentricity damping, gas drag, type I and type II planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-22 Zhao Sun , Jianghui Ji , Su Wang , Sheng Jin

Long-term instability in multi-planet exosystems is a crucial consideration when confirming putative candidates, analyzing exoplanet populations, constraining the age of exosystems, and identifying the sources of white dwarf pollution. Two…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Dimitri Veras , Alexander J. Mustill

The presence of mean motion resonances (MMRs) complicates analysis and fitting of planetary systems observed through the radial velocity (RV) technique. MMR can allow planets to remain stable in regions of phase space where strong…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-25 M. M. Rosenthal , W. Jacobson-Galan , B. Nelson , R. A. Murray-Clay , J. A. Burt , B. Holden , E. Chang , N. Kaaz , J. Yant , R. P. Butler , S. S. Vogt

We consider two protoplanets gravitationally interacting with each other and a protoplanetary disc. The two planets orbit interior to a tidally maintained disc cavity while the disc interaction indices inward migration. When the migration…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 M. D. Snellgrove , J. C. B. Papaloizou , R. P. Nelson

Recent observations suggest that the incidence of near-resonant planets declines as planetary systems age, making young planetary systems key signposts of early dynamical evolution. Here we investigate the dynamical states of three of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-24 Zhecheng Hu , Fei Dai , Wei Zhu , Mu-Tian Wang , Max Goldberg , Caleb Lammers , Kento Masuda

Earth-mass planets embedded in gaseous protoplanetary disks undergo Type I orbital migration. In radiative disks an additional component of the corotation torque scaling with the entropy gradient across the horseshoe region can counteract…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Christophe Cossou , Sean Raymond , Arnaud Pierens

The two dominant features in the distribution of orbital parameters for close-in exoplanets are the prevalence of circular orbits for very short periods, and the observation that planets on closer orbits tend to be heavier. The first…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Frederic Pont , Nawal Husnoo , Tsevi Mazeh , Daniel Fabrycky

Multi-planetary systems detected by the Kepler mission present an excess of planets close to first-order mean-motion resonances (2:1 and 3:2) but with a period ratio slightly higher than the resonant value. Several mechanisms have been…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-22 J. -B. Delisle , J. Laskar

Perturbative analyses of planetary resonances commonly predict singularities and/or divergences of resonance widths at very low and very high eccentricities. We have recently re-examined the nature of these divergences using…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-08 Renu Malhotra

Because a chaotic zone can reduce the long timescale capture probabilities and cause catastrophic events such as close encounters with a planet or star during temporary capture, the dynamics of migrating planets is likely to be strongly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. C. Quillen

In the coming years, high contrast imaging surveys are expected to reveal the characteristics of the population of wide-orbit, massive, exoplanets. To date, a handful of wide planetary mass companions are known, but only one such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-08 Sarah J. Morrison , Kaitlin M. Kratter

We study the dynamical stability and fates of hierarchical (in semi-major axis) two-planet systems with arbitrary eccentricities and mutual inclinations. We run a large number of long-term numerical integrations and use the Support Vector…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Cristobal Petrovich

The negligible eccentricity of all extra solar planets with periods less than six days can be accounted for by dissipation of tidal disturbances within their envelopes which are induced by their host stars. In the period range of 7-21 days,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ian Dobbs-Dixon , D. N. C. Lin , Rosemary A. Mardling

Recent observations suggest that a large fraction of Kepler super-Earth systems have external giant planet companions (cold Jupiters), which can shape the architecture of the inner planets, in particular their mutual inclinations. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-09 Laetitia Rodet , Dong Lai

An ever-growing observational aggregate of extrasolar planets has revealed that systems of planets that reside in or near mean-motion resonances are relatively common. While the origin of such systems is attributed to protoplanetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

Orbital resonances play an important role in the dynamics of planetary systems. Classical theoretical analyses found in textbooks report that libration widths of first order mean motion resonances diverge for nearly circular orbits. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-24 Renu Malhotra , Nan Zhang

Planets close to their stars are thought to form farther out and migrate inward due to angular momentum exchange with gaseous protoplanetary disks. This process can produce systems of planets in co-orbital (Trojan or 1:1) resonance, in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Arnaud Pierens , Sean Raymond

With $n$-body simulations we investigate the stability of tilted circumbinary planetary systems consisting of two nonzero mass planets. The planets are initially in circular orbits that are coplanar to each other, as would be expected if…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Cheng Chen , Stephen H. Lubow , Rebecca G. Martin , C. J. Nixon