Related papers: Three-dimensional braids and their descriptions

In this paper we study the reduction curves of a braid, and how they can be used to decompose the braid into simpler ones in a precise way, which does not correspond exactly to the decomposition given by Thurston theory. Then we study how a…

We begin with a brief sketch of what is known and conjectured concerning braided monoidal 2-categories and their applications to 4d topological quantum field theories and 2-tangles (surfaces embedded in 4-dimensional space). Then we give…

We usually think of 2-dimensional manifolds as surfaces embedded in Euclidean 3-space. Since humans cannot visualise Euclidean spaces of higher dimensions, it appears to be impossible to give pictorial representations of higher-dimensional…

2-stratifolds are a generalization of 2-manifolds in that there are disjoint simple closed curves where several sheets meet. They arise in the study of categorical invariants of 3-manifolds and may have applications to topological data…

This paper defines double fibrations (fibrations of double categories) and describes their key examples and properties. In particular, it shows how double fibrations relate to existing fibrational notions such as monoidal fibrations and…

We show that every knot has a checkerbord diagram and that every knot is the closure of a rosette braid. We define Fourier knots of type (n_1, n_2, n_3) as knots which have parametrizations where each coordinate function x_i(t) is a finite…

This contribution presents the cosmological models with extra dimensions that have been recently elaborated, which assume that ordinary matter is confined on a surface, called brane, embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime.

The study of the so called brane world models has introduced completely new ways of looking up on standard problems in many areas of theoretical physics. Inspired in the recent developments of string theory, the Brane World picture involves…

In this paper we consider completed coverings that are branched coverings in the sense of Fox. For completed coverings between PL manifolds we give a characterization of the existence of a monodromy representation and the existence of a…

In this paper we study the reduction of four-dimensional Seiberg duality to three dimensions from a brane perspective. We reproduce the non-perturbative dynamics of the three-dimensional field theory via a T-duality at finite radius and the…

We show how the notion of intercategory encompasses a wide variety of three-dimensional structures from the literature, notably duoidal categories, monoidal double categories, cubical bicategories, double bicategories and Gray categories.…

These are lecture notes prepared for a minicourse given at the Cimpa Research School "Algebraic and geometric aspects of representation theory", held in Curitiba, Brazil in March 2013. The purpose of the course is to provide an introduction…

Periodic solutions of the planar $N$-body problem determine braids through the trajectory of $N$ bodies. Braid types can be used to classify periodic solutions. According to the Nielsen-Thurston classification of surface automorphisms,…

We construct a family of six dimensional block representations of the braid group $B_3$ on three strings. We show that some of these representations can be used to detect braid vertibility of some known knots and others of 9 and 10…

Laundry surfaces for closed braid diagrams are presented. It is shown that braid diagrams are characterized by linking matrices obtained by lifting cycles from these surfaces. Oriented link types are then characterized by equivalence…

We present Trimble's definition of a tetracategory and prove that the spans in (strict) 2-categories with certain limits have the structure of a monoidal tricategory, defined as a one-object tetracategory. We recall some notions of limits…

We define specific multiplicities on the braid arrangement by using edge-bicolored graphs. To consider their freeness, we introduce the notion of bicolor-eliminable graphs as a generalization of Stanley's classification theory of free…

We generalise the notion of contact manifold by allowing the contact distribution to have codimension two. There are special features in dimension six. In particular, we show that the complex structure on a three-dimensional complex contact…

Social networks are the fabric of society and the subject of frequent visual analysis. Closed triads represent triangular relationships between three people in a social network and are significant for understanding inherent interconnections…

A pair of surgeries on a knot is called purely cosmetic if the pair of resulting 3-manifolds are homeomorphic as oriented manifolds. Using recent work of Hanselman, we show that (nontrivial) knots which arise as the closure of a 3-stranded…