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Score calibration enables automatic speaker recognizers to make cost-effective accept / reject decisions. Traditional calibration requires supervised data, which is an expensive resource. We propose a 2-component GMM for unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-17 Niko Brümmer , Daniel Garcia-Romero

We conduct a large-scale study of language models for chord prediction. Specifically, we compare N-gram models to various flavours of recurrent neural networks on a comprehensive dataset comprising all publicly available datasets of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Filip Korzeniowski , David R. W. Sears , Gerhard Widmer

In this paper we present a Marathi part of speech tagger. It is a morphologically rich language. It is spoken by the native people of Maharashtra. The general approach used for development of tagger is statistical using trigram Method. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-07-17 Jyoti Singh , Nisheeth Joshi , Iti Mathur

Spell-checking is the process of detecting and sometimes providing suggestions for incorrectly spelled words in a text. Basically, the larger the dictionary of a spell-checker is, the higher is the error detection rate; otherwise,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Youssef Bassil

Language Model (LM)-based generative modeling has emerged as a promising direction for TSE, offering potential for improved generalization and high-fidelity speech. We present GenTSE, a two-stage decoder-only generative LM approach for TSE:…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Haoyang Li , Xuyi Zhuang , Azmat Adnan , Ye Ni , Wei Rao , Shreyas Gopal , Eng Siong Chng

Do word embeddings converge to learn similar things over different initializations? How repeatable are experiments with word embeddings? Are all word embedding techniques equally reliable? In this paper we propose evaluating methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Yingtao Tian , Vivek Kulkarni , Bryan Perozzi , Steven Skiena

Controllable and transparent text generation has been a long-standing goal in NLP. Almost as long-standing is a general idea for addressing this challenge: Parsing text to a symbolic representation, and generating from it. However, earlier…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hongji Li , Andrianos Michail , Reto Gubelmann , Simon Clematide , Juri Opitz

Previous work identifying depth-optimal $n$-channel sorting networks for $9\leq n \leq 16$ is based on exploiting symmetries of the first two layers. However, the naive generate-and-test approach typically applied does not scale. This paper…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Michael Codish , Luis Cruz-Filipe , Peter Schneider-Kamp

This paper deals with the two fundamental problems concerning the handling of large n-gram language models: indexing, that is compressing the n-gram strings and associated satellite data without compromising their retrieval speed; and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Giulio Ermanno Pibiri , Rossano Venturini

State and measurement tomography make assumptions about the experimental states or measurements. These assumptions are often not justified because state preparation and measurement errors are unavoidable in practice. Here we describe how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-12 Cyril Stark

Recently, Chinese Spell Checking(CSC), a task to detect erroneous characters in a sentence and correct them, has attracted extensive interest because of its wide applications in various NLP tasks. Most of the existing methods have utilized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Haiyun Yang

AMR-to-text generation aims to recover a text containing the same meaning as an input AMR graph. Current research develops increasingly powerful graph encoders to better represent AMR graphs, with decoders based on standard language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Xuefeng Bai , Linfeng Song , Yue Zhang

This paper presents a computationally efficient machine-learned method for natural language response suggestion. Feed-forward neural networks using n-gram embedding features encode messages into vectors which are optimized to give…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Matthew Henderson , Rami Al-Rfou , Brian Strope , Yun-hsuan Sung , Laszlo Lukacs , Ruiqi Guo , Sanjiv Kumar , Balint Miklos , Ray Kurzweil

Natural language generation (NLG) is a critical component in a spoken dialogue system. This paper presents a Recurrent Neural Network based Encoder-Decoder architecture, in which an LSTM-based decoder is introduced to select, aggregate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Van-Khanh Tran , Le-Minh Nguyen

The success of nonlinear noise reduction applied to a single channel recording of human voice is measured in terms of the recognition rate of a commercial speech recognition program in comparison to the optimal linear filter. The overall…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-06-20 Krzysztof Urbanowicz , Holger Kantz

In natural language processing (NLP), the likelihood ratios (LRs) of N-grams are often estimated from the frequency information. However, a corpus contains only a fraction of the possible N-grams, and most of them occur infrequently. Hence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Masato Kikuchi , Mitsuo Yoshida , Kyoji Umemura , Tadachika Ozono

Bangla, the seventh most widely spoken language worldwide with 300 million native speakers, faces digital under-representation due to limited resources and lack of annotated datasets. Stemming, a critical preprocessing step in language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Abhijit Paul , Mashiat Amin Farin , Sharif Md. Abdullah , Ahmedul Kabir , Zarif Masud , Shebuti Rayana

Automatic evaluation of various text quality criteria produced by data-driven intelligent methods is very common and useful because it is cheap, fast, and usually yields repeatable results. In this paper, we present an attempt to automate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Erion Çano , Ondřej Bojar

As of recent generative adversarial networks have allowed for big leaps in the realism of generated images in diverse domains, not the least of which being handwritten text generation. The generation of realistic-looking hand-written text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Alexander Mattick , Martin Mayr , Mathias Seuret , Andreas Maier , Vincent Christlein

In this paper, we propose a spoken term detection algorithm for simultaneous prediction and localization of in-vocabulary and out-of-vocabulary terms within an audio segment. The proposed algorithm infers whether a term was uttered within a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-11 Tzeviya Sylvia Fuchs , Yael Segal , Joseph Keshet