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Accurate estimations of atmospheric properties of exoplanets from transmission spectra require understanding of degeneracies between model parameters and observations that can resolve them. We conduct a systematic investigation of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 Luis Welbanks , Nikku Madhusudhan

Transmission spectroscopy provides a window to study exoplanetary atmospheres, but that window is fogged by clouds and hazes. Clouds and haze introduce a degeneracy between the strength of gaseous absorption features and planetary physical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Guangwei Fu , Drake Deming , Heather Knutson , Nikku Madhusudhan , Avi Mandell , Jonathan Fraine

Transiting exoplanets provide detailed access to their atmospheres, as the planet's signal can be effectively separated from that of its host star. For transiting exoplanets three fundamental atmospheric measurements are possible:…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-23 David K. Sing

[Abridged] Recently, there have been a series of detections of molecules in the atmospheres of extrasolar planets using high spectral resolution (R~100,000) observations, mostly using the CRyogenic high-resolution InfraRed Echelle…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Remco J. de Kok , Jayne Birkby , Matteo Brogi , Henriette Schwarz , Simon Albrecht , Ernst J. W. de Mooij , Ignas A. G. Snellen

Using forward models for representative exoplanet atmospheres and a radiometric instrument model, we have generated synthetic observational data to explore how well the major C- and O-bearing chemical species (CO, CO2, CH4, and H2O),…

We propose a method for observing transiting exoplanets with near-infrared high-resolution spectrometers. We aim to create a robust data analysis method for recovering atmospheric transmission spectra from transiting exoplanets over a wide…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Erik Aronson , Pierre Waldén , Nikolai Piskunov

Thousands of transiting exoplanets have been discovered, but spectral analysis of their atmospheres has so far been dominated by a small number of exoplanets and data spanning relatively narrow wavelength ranges (such as 1.1 to 1.7 {\mu}m).…

The best-characterized exoplanets to date are planets on close-in transiting orbits around their host stars. The high level of irradiation and transiting geometry of these objects make them ideal targets for atmospheric investigations.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-25 Diana Dragomir , Eliza Kempton , Jacob Bean , Ian Crossfield , Eric Gaidos , Nikole Lewis , Michael Line , Roxana Lupu , George Zhou

High-resolution doppler spectroscopy provides a powerful means for chemical detections in exoplanetary atmospheres. This approach involves monitoring hundreds of molecular lines in the planetary spectrum doppler shifted by the orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Samuel. H. C. Cabot , Nikku Madhusudhan , George A. Hawker , Siddharth Gandhi

The relative abundance of deuterium and hydrogen is a potent tracer of planet formation and evolution. Jupiter and Saturn have protosolar atmospheric D/H ratios, a relic of substantial gas accretion from the nebula, while the atmospheres of…

The relative abundances of carbon and oxygen have long been recognized as fundamental diagnostics of stellar chemical evolution. Now, the growing number of exoplanet observations enable estimation of these elements in exoplanetary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Johanna K. Teske , Katia Cunha , Verne V. Smith , Simon C. Schuler , Caitlin A. Griffith

The characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres has come of age in the last decade, as astronomical techniques now allow for albedos, chemical abundances, temperature profiles and maps, rotation periods and even wind speeds to be measured.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Kevin Heng , Adam P. Showman

High-resolution spectroscopy (HRS) has grown into one of the main techniques to characterise the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. High spectral resolving power allows for the efficient removal of telluric and host-star contamination.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-15 Ignas Snellen

In recent years, it has become clear that a substantial fraction of transiting exoplanets have some form of aerosol present in their atmospheres. Transit spectroscopy - mostly of hot Jupiters, but also of some smaller planets - has provided…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 Joanna K. Barstow

Ground-based high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has emerged as a promising technique for detecting chemicals in transiting exoplanetary atmospheres. Despite chemical inferences in several exoplanets and previous robustness studies, a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-19 Connor J. Cheverall , Nikku Madhusudhan , Måns Holmberg

Exoplanet transmission spectra provide rich information about the chemical composition, clouds and temperature structure of exoplanet atmospheres. Most exoplanet transmission spectra only span infrared wavelengths ($\gtrsim$ 1 $\rm{\mu…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-13 Charlotte Fairman , Hannah R. Wakeford , Ryan J. MacDonald

The study of exoplanet atmospheres showed large diversity compared to the planets in our solar system. Especially Jupiter type exoplanets orbiting their host star in close orbits, the so-called hot and ultra-hot Jupiters, have been studied…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Engin Keles

The gravitational microlensing method of discovering exoplanets and multi-star systems can produce degenerate solutions, some of which require in-depth analysis to uncover. We propose a new parameter space that can be used to sample…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-16 Kylie E. Hall , Jennifer C. Yee , In-Gu Shin , Hongjing Yang , Jiyuan Zhang

Long-period transiting exoplanets provide an opportunity to study the mass-radius relation and internal structure of extrasolar planets. Their studies grant insights into planetary evolution akin to the Solar System planets, which, in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-19 Kaspar von Braun , Stephen R. Kane

The majority of exoplanets found to date have been discovered via the transit method, and transmission spectroscopy represents the primary method of studying these distant worlds. Currently, in-depth atmospheric characterization of…

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