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We consider highly inaccurate measurements made on classical stochastic and quantum systems. In the quantum case such a \e{weak} measurement preserves coherence between the system's alternatives. We demonstrate that in both cases the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 D. Sokolovski , D. Alonso , S. Brouard

We generalize the concept of a weak value of a quantum observable to cover arbitrary real positive operator measures. We show that the definition is operationally meaningful in the sense that it can be understood within the quantum theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Erkka Haapasalo , Pekka Lahti , Jussi Schultz

Closed expressions are derived for the quantum measurement statistics of pre-and postselected gaussian particle beams. The weakness of the pre-selection step is shown to compete with the non-orthogonality of post-selection in a transparent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-14 Tamas Geszti

The main purpose of this short article is to give a brief overview of the development of the very interesting weak measurement protocol. I add some comments relating to the reality of weak values, and also comment on the allowed values of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-30 Pan N. Kaloyerou

The weak value of a variable O is a description of an effective interaction with that variable in the limit of weak coupling. It is particularly important for a pre- and post-selected quantum system.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-12 Lev Vaidman

In this paper we propose a setup for the weak measurement of photon arrival time. It is found that the weak values of this arrival time can lie far away from the expectation value, and in principle also in regions forbidden by special…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. E. Ahnert , M. C. Payne

A model is proposed for the statistical analysis of arbitrary-strength quantum measurements, based on a picture of "sampling weak values" from different configurations of the system. The model is comprised of two elements: a "local weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alonso Botero

The advantage of attosecond measurements is the possibility of time-resolving ultrafast quantum phenomena of electron dynamics. Many such measurements are of interferometric nature, and therefore give access to the phase. Likewise, weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-13 Philipp Stammer , Javier Rivera-Dean , Marcelo F. Ciappina , Maciej Lewenstein

We propose a usage of a weak value for a quantum processing between preselection and postselection. While the weak value of a projector of 1 provides a process with certainty like the probability of 1, the weak value of -1 negates the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-03 Kazuhiro Yokota , Nobuyuki Imoto

We show that the weak value of any observable in pre- and post-selected states can be expressed as the sum of the average of the observable in the pre-selected state and an anomalous part. We argue that at a fundamental level the anomalous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-21 Arun Kumar Pati , Junde Wu

Vaidman pointed out the importance of modular values, and related the modular value of a Pauli spin operator to its weak value for specific coupling strengths [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 230401 (2010)]. It would be useful if this relationship is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-22 Le Bin Ho , Nobuyuki Imoto

Weak-value-amplification permits small effects to be measured as observable changes at the sacrifice of power due to post-selection. The power recycling scheme has been proven to eliminate this inefficiency of the rare post-selection, thus…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-20 Zi-Rui Zhong , Wei-Jun Tan , Yue Chen , Qing-Lin Wu

Weak measurement is a novel technique for parameter estimation with higher precision. In this paper we develop a general theory for the parameter estimation based on weak measurement technique with arbitrary postselection. The previous weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Chen Fang , Jing-Zheng Huang , Yang Yu , Qin-Zheng Li , Guihua Zeng

A recent analysis [quant-ph/0104062] suggests that weak measurements can be used to give observational meaning to counterfactual reasoning in quantum physics. A weak measurement is predicted to assign a negative unit population to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Klaus Molmer

The real part of the weak value is identified as the conditional Bayes probability through the quantum analog of the Bayes relation. We present an explicit protocol to get the the weak values in a simple Mach-Zehnder interferometer model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-25 Akio Hosoya

The emergence of realistic properties is a key problem in understanding the quantum-to-classical transition. In this respect, measurements represent a way to interface quantum systems with the macroscopic world: these can be driven in the…

Weak values are typically obtained experimentally by performing weak measurements, which involve weak interactions between the measured system and a probe. However, the determination of weak values does not necessarily require weak…

This work demonstrates that repeated weak measurements together with post-selection can produce sharp dynamical discontinuities in meter observables, even in minimal quantum systems. The discontinuous behavior is governed by the polar angle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Lorena Ballesteros Ferraz

Using the quantum transition path time probability distribution we show that time averaging of weak values leads to unexpected results. We prove a weak value time energy uncertainty principle and time energy commutation relation. We also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-05 Eli Pollak , S. Miret-Artés

A relation is obtained between weak values of quantum observables and the consistency criterion for histories of quantum events. It is shown that ``strange'' weak values for projection operators (such as values less than zero) always…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. E. Kastner
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