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We propose a generalization of the random matrix theory following the basic prescription of the recently suggested concept of superstatistics. Spectral characteristics of systems with mixed regular-chaotic dynamics are expressed as weighted…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Y. Abul-Magd

This expository paper advocates an approach to physics in which ``typicality" is identified with a suitable form of algorithmic randomness. To this end various theorems from mathematics and physics are reviewed. Their original versions…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 Klaas Landsman

Markov combination is an operation that takes two statistical models and produces a third whose marginal distributions include those of the original models. Building upon and extending existing work in the Gaussian case, we develop Markov…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Orlando Marigliano , Eva Riccomagno

A new combinatorial-probabilistic diagnostic entropy has been introduced. It describes the pair-wise sum of probabilities of system conditions that have to be distinguished during the diagnosing process. The proposed measure describes the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Henryk Borowczyk

Randomness extraction is the process of constructing a source of randomness of high quality from one or several sources of randomness of lower quality. The problem can be modeled using probability distributions and min-entropy to measure…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-06-19 Marius Zimand

The information in an individual finite object (like a binary string) is commonly measured by its Kolmogorov complexity. One can divide that information into two parts: the information accounting for the useful regularity present in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Paul Vitanyi

Commonly observed patterns typically follow a few distinct families of probability distributions. Over one hundred years ago, Karl Pearson provided a systematic derivation and classification of the common continuous distributions. His…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-28 Steven A. Frank , Eric Smith

We introduce a new class of multivariate elliptically symmetric distributions including elliptically symmetric logistic distributions and Kotz type distributions. We investigate the various probabilistic properties including marginal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-04 Yeshunying Wang , Chuancun Yin

This text provides a practical introduction to randomness and data analysis, in particular in the context of computer simulations. At the beginning, the most basics concepts of probability are given, in particular discrete and continuous…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-10-26 Alexander K. Hartmann

The underlying probabilistic theory for quantum mechanics is non-Kolmogorovian. The order in which physical observables will be important if they are incompatible (non-commuting). In particular, the notion of conditioning needs to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-30 John E. Gough

In this paper, we obtain general representations for the joint distributions and copulas of arbitrary dependent random variables absolutely continuous with respect to the product of given one-dimensional marginal distributions. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Victor H. de la Peña , Rustam Ibragimov , Shaturgun Sharakhmetov

We propose a multivariate probability distribution for categorical and ordinal random variables. To this end, we use the Grassmann distribution in conjunction with dummy encoding of categorical and ordinal variables. To realize the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-04 Takashi Arai

This paper is a brief review of recent developments in random matrix theory. Two aspects are emphasized: the underlying role of integrable systems and the occurrence of the distribution functions of random matrix theory in diverse areas of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Craig A. Tracy , Harold Widom

Within the Kolmogorov theory of probability, Bayes' rule allows one to perform statistical inference by relating conditional probabilities to unconditional probabilities. As we show here, however, there is a continuous set of alternative…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-05 Samuel G. Rodriques

This paper deals with three traditional ways of defining contextuality: (C1) in terms of (non)existence of certain joint distributions involving measurements made in several mutually exclusive contexts; (C2) in terms of relationship between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-20 Ehtibar Dzhafarov

Complex continuous or mixed joint distributions (e.g., P(Y | z_1, z_2, ..., z_N)) generally lack closed-form solutions, often necessitating approximations such as MCMC. This paper proposes Indeterminate Probability Theory (IPT), which makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tao Yang , Chuang Liu , Xiaofeng Ma , Weijia Lu , Ning Wu , Bingyang Li , Zhifei Yang , Peng Liu , Lin Sun , Xiaodong Zhang , Can Zhang

Algorithmic theories of randomness can be related to theories of probabilistic sequence prediction through the notion of a predictor, defined as a function which supplies lower bounds on initial-segment probabilities of infinite sequences.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Lenhart K. Schubert

This paper derives the asymptotic distribution of variance weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics for conditional moment inequality models for the case of a one dimensional covariate. The asymptotic distribution depends on the data…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-02-02 Timothy B. Armstrong

Unlike Martin-L\"of randomness and Schnorr randomness, computable randomness has not been defined, except for a few ad hoc cases, outside of Cantor space. This paper offers such a definition (actually, several equivalent definitions), and…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-04-23 Jason Rute

Statistical properties of coherent radiation propagating in a quasi - 1D random media is studied in the framework of random matrix theory. Distribution functions for the total transmission coefficient and the angular transmission…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Eugene Kogan , Moshe Kaveh