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Consider two planar graphs which are subject to edge insertions and deletions. We show that whether the two graphs are isomorphic can be maintained with first-order logic formulas and auxiliary data of polynomial size. This places the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Samir Datta , Asif Khan , Felix Tschirbs , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

Dynamic Complexity studies the maintainability of queries with logical formulas in a setting where the underlying structure or database changes over time. Most often, these formulas are from first-order logic, giving rise to the dynamic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Jonas Schmidt , Thomas Schwentick , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume , Ioannis Kokkinis

Patnaik and Immerman introduced the dynamic complexity class DynFO of database queries that can be maintained by first-order dynamic programs with the help of auxiliary relations under insertions and deletions of edges (Patnaik and Immerman…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-04-06 Samir Datta , Raghav Kulkarni , Anish Mukherjee , Thomas Schwentick , Thomas Zeume

Finding a homomorphism from some hypergraph $\mathcal{Q}$ (or some relational structure) to another hypergraph $\mathcal{D}$ is a fundamental problem in computer science. We show that an answer to this problem can be maintained under…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Nils Vortmeier , Ioannis Kokkinis

This paper studies dynamic complexity under definable change operations in the DynFO framework by Patnaik and Immerman. It is shown that for changes definable by parameter-free first-order formulas, all (uniform) $AC^1$ queries can be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Thomas Schwentick , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

Dynamic complexity is concerned with updating the output of a problem when the input is slightly changed. We study the dynamic complexity of model checking a fixed monadic second-order formula over evolving subgraphs of a fixed maximal…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Patricia Bouyer-Decitre , Vincent Jugé , Nicolas Markey

In the setting of DynFO, dynamic programs update the stored result of a query whenever the underlying data changes. This update is expressed in terms of first-order logic. We introduce a strategy for constructing dynamic programs that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Samir Datta , Anish Mukherjee , Thomas Schwentick , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

Given a graph whose nodes may be coloured red, the parity of the number of red nodes can easily be maintained with first-order update rules in the dynamic complexity framework DynFO of Patnaik and Immerman. Can this be generalised to other…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

Planar Embedding is a drawing of a graph on the plane such that the edges do not intersect each other except at the vertices. We know that testing the planarity of a graph and computing its embedding (if it exists), can efficiently be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Samir Datta , Asif Khan , Anish Mukherjee

Dynamic complexity is concerned with updating the output of a problem when the input is slightly changed. We study the dynamic complexity of Dyck reachability problems in directed and undirected graphs, where updates may add or delete…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-04-18 Patricia Bouyer , Vincent Jugé

Graph databases in many applications---semantic web, transport or biological networks among others---are not only large, but also frequently modified. Evaluating graph queries in this dynamic context is a challenging task, as those queries…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-18 Pablo Muñoz , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

A dynamic graph algorithm is a data structure that answers queries about a property of the current graph while supporting graph modifications such as edge insertions and deletions. Prior work has shown strong conditional lower bounds for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Monika Henzinger , Ami Paz , A. R. Sricharan

Graph Isomorphism is the prime example of a computational problem with a wide difference between the best known lower and upper bounds on its complexity. We bridge this gap for a natural and important special case, planar graph isomorphism,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-01-30 Samir Datta , Nutan Limaye , Prajakta Nimbhorkar , Thomas Thierauf , Fabian Wagner

Recently it was shown that the transitive closure of a directed graph can be updated using first-order formulas after insertions and deletions of single edges in the dynamic descriptive complexity framework by Dong, Su, and Topor, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Samir Datta , Anish Mukherjee , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

Which dynamic queries can be maintained efficiently? For constant-size changes, it is known that constant-depth circuits or, equivalently, first-order updates suffice for maintaining many important queries, among them reachability, tree…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Samir Datta , Asif Khan , Anish Mukherjee , Felix Tschirbs , Nils Vortmeier , Thomas Zeume

The paper investigates the power of the dynamic complexity classes DynFO, DynQF and DynPROP over string languages. The latter two classes contain problems that can be maintained using quantifier-free first-order updates, with and without…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-12-11 Wouter Gelade , Marcel Marquardt , Thomas Schwentick

{\em Algorithms with predictions} incorporate machine learning predictions into algorithm design. A plethora of recent works incorporated predictions to improve on worst-case optimal bounds for online problems. In this paper, we initiate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Monika Henzinger , Barna Saha , Martin P. Seybold , Christopher Ye

Dynamic Complexity was introduced by Immerman and Patnaik \cite{PatnaikImmerman97} (see also \cite{DongST95}). It has seen a resurgence of interest in the recent past, see…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Samir Datta , Anuj Tawari , Yadu Vasudev

Reachability, distance, and matching are some of the most fundamental graph problems that have been of particular interest in dynamic complexity theory in recent years [DKMSZ18, DMVZ18, DKMTVZ20]. Reachability can be maintained with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Samir Datta , Chetan Gupta , Rahul Jain , Anish Mukherjee , Vimal Raj Sharma , Raghunath Tewari

High-dimensional tabular data lacks a natural feature order, limiting the applicability of permutation-sensitive deep learning models. We propose DynaTab, a dynamic feature ordering-enabled architecture inspired by neural rewiring. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Al Zadid Sultan Bin Habib , Gianfranco Doretto , Donald A. Adjeroh
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