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We consider a prediction market in which all aspects are controlled by market forces, in particular the correct outcomes of events are decided by the market itself rather than by trusted arbiters. This kind of a decentralized prediction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Iddo Bentov , Alex Mizrahi , Meni Rosenfeld

Historically, gold and silver have played distinct roles in traditional monetary systems. While gold has primarily been revered as a superior store of value, prompting individuals to hoard it, silver has commonly been used as a medium of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Haoyang Yu , Yutong Sun , Yulin Liu , Luyao Zhang

Blockchains have become immensely popular and are high on the list of national and international research and innovation agenda's. This is partly caused by the numerous interesting applications, combined with the promise of full…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Maarten van Steen , Andrew Chien , Patrick Eugster

For money-like informational commodities the notions of architectural adequacy and evolutionary adequacy are proposed as the first two stages of a moneyness maturity hierarchy. Then three classes of informational commodities are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Jan A. Bergstra

This review is about the convenience, the benefits, as well as the destructive capacities of money. It deals with various aspects of money creation, with its value, and its appropriation. All sorts of money tend to get corrupted by…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2011-02-17 Karl Svozil

We show that the behaviour of Bitcoin has interesting similarities to stock and precious metal markets, such as gold and silver. We report that whilst Litecoin, the second largest cryptocurrency, closely follows Bitcoin's behaviour, it does…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-11-10 Daniel Wilson-Nunn , Hector Zenil

Bitcoin represents one of the most interesting technological breakthroughs and socio-economic experiments of the last decades. In this paper, we examine the role of speculative bubbles in the process of Bitcoin's technological adoption by…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Tobias A. Huber , Didier Sornette

Information and communication technologies are by now employed in most human activities, including economics and finance. Modern computers have reached an extraordinary power in terms of information processing, storage, retrieval, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Marco Bernardo , Federico Calandra , Andrea Esposito , Francesco Fabris

Blockchain is a decentralized transaction and data management solution, the technological weapon-of-choice behind the success of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. As the number and variety of existing blockchain implementations continues…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Martin Garriga , Maximiliano Arias , Alan De Renzis

Trading data through blockchain platforms is hard to achieve \textit{fair exchange}. Reasons come from two folds: Firstly, guaranteeing fairness between sellers and consumers is a challenging task as the deception of any participating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Erya Jiang , Bo Qin , Qin Wang , Qianhong Wu , Sanxi Li , Wenchang Shi , Yingxin Bi , Wenyi Tang

Over 90% of exchange trading on crypto options has always been on the Deribit platform. This centralised crypto exchange only lists inverse products because they do not accept fiat currency. Currently, fiat-based traders can only make…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2022-10-18 Carol Alexander , Ding Chen , Arben Imeraj

We describe and analyze perishing mining, a novel block-withholding mining strategy that lures profit-driven miners away from doing useful work on the public chain by releasing block headers from a privately maintained chain. We then…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Tong Cao , Jérémie Decouchant , Jiangshan Yu

Blockchain is challenging the status quo of the central trust infrastructure currently prevalent in the Internet towards a design principle that is underscored by decentralization, transparency, and trusted auditability. In ideal terms,…

This is an exploration of Blockchain technology that is growing in popularity and it seems to be able to disrupt a plethora of industries. A research is being conducted to examine Blockchain potential to be adopted by enterprises from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Theodosis Mourouzis , Chrysostomos Filipou

As Bitcoin's popularity has grown over the decade since its creation, it has become an increasingly attractive target for adversaries of all kinds. One of the most powerful potential adversaries is the country of China, which has expressed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Ben Kaiser , Mireya Jurado , Alex Ledger

Cryptocurrency is a novel exploration of a form of currency that proposes a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on blockchain technology and cryptographic theory. While cryptocurrency has the security characteristics of being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zekai Liu , Xiaoqi Li

Nations around the world are conducting research into the design of central bank digital currency (CBDC), a new, digital form of money that would be issued by central banks alongside cash and central bank reserves. Retail CBDC would be used…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Geoffrey Goodell , Hazem Danny Al-Nakib , Tomaso Aste

A fundamental problem for electronic commerce is the buying and selling of digital goods between individuals that may not know or trust each other. Traditionally, this problem has been addressed by the use of trusted third-parties such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Aditya Asgaonkar , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

The global financial system stands at an inflection point. Stablecoins represent the most significant evolution in banking since the abandonment of the gold standard, positioned to enable "Banking 2.0" by seamlessly integrating…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Kevin McNamara , Rhea Pritham Marpu

Bitcoin is a electronic payment system where payment transactions are verified and stored in a data structure called the blockchain. Bitcoin miners work individually to solve a computationally intensive problem, and with each solution a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-24 R. Bowden , H. P. Keeler , A. E. Krzesinski , P. G. Taylor