English
Related papers

Related papers: Protostar mass functions in young clusters

200 papers

We introduce a new multi-power-law distribution for the Initial Mass Function (IMF) to explore its potential properties. It follows on prior work that introduced mechanisms accounting for mass accretion in star formation, developed within…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Christopher Essex , Shantanu Basu , Janett Prehl , Karl Heinz Hoffmann

We analyze the three-dimensional shapes and kinematics of the young star cluster population forming in a high-resolution GRIFFIN project simulation of a metal-poor dwarf galaxy starburst. The star clusters, which follow a power-law mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-02 Natalia Lahén , Thorsten Naab , Peter H. Johansson , Bruce Elmegreen , Chia-Yu Hu , Stefanie Walch

Star formation is intimately linked to the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds. Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ralf Klessen

The enormous radiative and mechanical luminosities of massive stars impact a vast range of scales and processes, from the reionization of the universe, to the evolution of galaxies, to the regulation of the interstellar medium, to the…

The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is commonly interpreted to be a scale-invariant probability density distribution function (PDF) such that many small clusters yield the same IMF as one massive cluster of the same combined number of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-22 Zhiqiang Yan , Tereza Jerabkova , Pavel Kroupa

It is believed that the majority of stars form in clusters. Therefore it is likely that the gas physical conditions that prevail in forming clusters, largely determine the properties of stars that form and in particular the initial mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Patrick Hennebelle

We present a model to explain the mass segregation and shallow mass functions observed in the central parts of dense and young starburst stellar clusters. The model assumes that the initial pre-stellar cores mass function resulting from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-11-30 Sami Dib , Mohsen Shadmehri , Maheswar Gopinathan , Jongsoo Kim , Thomas Henning

The measured star-formation rates (SFRs) of galaxies comprise an important constraint on galaxy evolution and also on their cosmological boundary conditions. Any available tracer of the SFR depends on the shape of the mass-distribution of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-22 Pavel Kroupa , Tereza Jerabkova

The formation of high-mass stars is usually accompanied by powerful protostellar outflows. Such high-mass outflows are not simply scaled-up versions of their lower-mass counterparts, since observations suggest that the collimation degree…

The main accretion phase of star formation is investigated in clouds with different metallicities in the range of 0 \le Z \le Z_\odot, resolving the protostellar radius. Starting from a near-equilibrium prestellar cloud, we calculate the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Masahiro N. Machida , Teppei Nakamura

We combine the output of hydrodynamical simulations of Population III star cluster formation with stellar evolution models, and calculate the evolution of protostars experiencing variable mass accretion rates due to interactions within a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Rowan J. Smith , Takashi Hosokawa , Kazuyuki Omukai , Simon C. O. Glover , Ralf S. Klessen

We perform calculations of pre-main sequence evolution of stars from 1 to $85 M_{\odot}$ with growing accretion rates $\dot{M}$. The values of $\dot{M}$ are taken equal to a constant fraction $\tilde{f}$ of the rates of the mass outflows…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 R. Behrend , A. Maeder

We analyze the time evolution of the luminosity of a cluster of Population III protostars formed in the early universe. We argue from the Jeans criterion that primordial gas can collapse to form a cluster of first stars that evolve…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-24 Alexander L. DeSouza , Shantanu Basu

How a star forms is a fundamental question in astrophysics. In the earliest stages of protostellar evolution high extinction prevents a direct study of the accretion processes and their temporal evolution. Monitoring the variations of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 Thomas Stanke , Verena Wolf , Bringfried Stecklum , Doug Johnstone , Jochen Eislöffel , Gregory J. Herczeg , S. Tom Megeath , Karri I. I. Koljonen

Stars form from dense molecular cores, and the mass function of these cores (the CMF) is often found to be similar to the form of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). This suggests that the form of the IMF is the result of the form of…

We construct a model for cosmic ray acceleration from protostellar accretion shocks and calculate the resulting cosmic ray ionization rate within star-forming molecular clouds. We couple a protostar cluster model with an analytic accretion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-07-25 Brandt A. L. Gaches , Stella S. R. Offner

The main signature of the interaction between cosmic rays and molecular clouds is the high ionisation degree. This decreases towards the densest parts of a cloud, where star formation is expected, because of energy losses and magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-21 Marco Padovani , Patrick Hennebelle , Alexandre Marcowith , Katia Ferrière

We discuss the possibility that gravitational focusing, is responsible for the power-law mass function of star clusters $N(\log M) \propto M^{-1}$. This power law can be produced asymptotically when the mass accretion rate of an object…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-08 Aleksandra Kuznetsova , Lee Hartmann , Andreas Burkert

The presence of a volume density gradient in molecular clumps allow them to raise their star formation rate compared to what they would experience were their gas uniform in density. This higher star formation rate yields in turn a higher…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-04-22 Genevieve Parmentier

Studies of evolved massive stars indicate that they form in a clustered mode. During the earliest evolutionary stages, these regions are embedded within their natal cores. Here, we show high-spatial-resolution interferometric dust continuum…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 H. Beuther , P. Schilke