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That the laws of physics are the same at all times and places throughout the Universe is one of the basic assumptions of physics. Astronomical observations provide the only means to test this basic assumption on cosmological time and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 Xi Chen , Simon P. Ellingsen , Ying Mei

Exploring physics beyond General Relativity and the Standard Model of Particle Physics involves investigating spacetime variations in natural constants. This study employs an $H_2$-single of QSO 0347-383 observational spectrum to propose a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-09 T. D. Le

The status of searches for possible variation in the constants of nature from astronomical observation of molecules is reviewed, focusing on the dimensionless constant representing the proton-electron mass ratio $\mu=m_p/m_e$. The optical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-20 Wim Ubachs

We estimate the cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio \mu=m_p/m_e by measuring the wavelengths of molecular hydrogen transitions in the early universe. The analysis is performed using high spectral resolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Ivanchik , E. Rodriguez , P. Petitjean , D. Varshalovich

Multidimensional cosmologies allow for variations of fundamental physical constants over the course of cosmological evolution, and different versions of the theories predict different time dependences. In particular, such variations could…

The Standard Model of particle physics assumes that the so-called fundamental constants are universal and unchanging. Absorption lines arising in molecular clouds along quasar sightlines offer a precise test for variations in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 Michael T. Murphy , Victor V. Flambaum , Sebastien Muller , Christian Henkel

A limit on a possible cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio $\mu$ is derived from methanol (CH$_3$OH) absorption lines in the benchmark PKS1830$-$211 lensing galaxy at redshift $z = 0.89$ observed with the Effelsberg…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-11 Julija Bagdonaite , Mario Daprà , Paul Jansen , Hendrick L. Bethlem , Wim Ubachs , Sébastien Muller , Christian Henkel , Karl M. Menten

New PKS1830-211 radio frequency observations of methanol at a redshift of 0.88582 have established the most stringent limits on changes in the proton to electron mass ratio mu to date. The observations place the limit of (delta mu)/mu </=…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Rodger I. Thompson

A molecular hydrogen absorber at a lookback time of 12.4 billion years, corresponding to 10$\%$ of the age of the universe today, is analyzed to put a constraint on a varying proton--electron mass ratio, $\mu$. A high resolution spectrum of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 J. Bagdonaite , W. Ubachs , M. T. Murphy , J. B. Whitmore

The possibility of using astrophysical observations of rotational transitions in the methanol molecule to measure, or constrain temporal and spatial variations in the proton-to-electron mass ratio (mu) has recently been investigated by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Simon Ellingsen , Maxim Voronkov , Shari Breen

Recently, methanol was identified as a sensitive target system to probe variations of the proton-to-electron mass ratio $\mu$ [Jansen \emph{et al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{106}, 100801 (2011)]. The high sensitivity of methanol originates…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2012-03-07 Paul Jansen , Isabelle Kleiner , Li-Hong Xu , Wim Ubachs , Hendrick L. Bethlem

The possible cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio was estimated by measuring the H_2 wavelengths in the high-resolution spectrum of the quasar Q~0347-382. Our analysis yielded an estimate for the possible deviation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Ivanchik , P. Petitjean , E. Rodriguez , D. Varshalovich

Ethylene glycol in its ground conformation has tunneling transition with the frequency about 7 GHz. This leads to a rather complicated tunneling-rotational spectrum. Because tunneling and rotational energies have different dependence on the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 A. V. Viatkina , M. G. Kozlov

An overview is presented of the H$_2$ quasar absorption method to search for a possible variation of the proton--electron mass ratio $\mu=m_p/m_e$ on a cosmological time scale. Details of the analysis of astronomical spectra, obtained with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-25 Wim Ubachs , Julija Bagdonaite , Edcel J. Salumbides , Michael T. Murphy , Lex Kaper

We present results on numerical calculations of the sensitivity coefficients, Qmu, of microwave molecular transitions in (13C)H3OH and CH3(18O)H to the hypothetical variation in the fundamental physical constant mu - the electron-to-proton…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-17 J. S. Vorotyntseva , M. G. Kozlov , S. A. Levshakov

Astrophysical molecular spectroscopy is an important method of searching for new physics through probing the variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio, $\mu$, with existing constraints limiting variation to a fractional change of less…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Anna-Maree Syme , Adam Mousley , Maria Cunningham , Laura K McKemmish

The search for variation of the fundamental constants such as the fine structure constant $\alpha$ ($\alpha=e^2/\hbar c$) and the ratios of fundamental masses (e.g., electron to proton mass ratio $\mu=m_e/m_p$) is reviewed. Strong emphasis…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 V. V. Flambaum , V. A. Dzuba

This article summarizes the latest results on the proton-to-electron mass ratio $\mu$ derived from H$_2$ observations at high redshift in the light of possible variations of fundamental physical constants. The focus lies on UVES…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Martin Wendt

We report on the using of torsion-rotational transitions in the CH3OH and (13)CH3OH molecules to evaluate possible variations of the physical constant mu=m_e/m_p - the electron-to-proton mass ratio - from spectral observations of emission…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-09 J. S. Vorotyntseva , S. A. Levshakov

Experimental techniques to manipulate cold molecules have seen great development in recent years. The precision measurements of cold molecules are expected to give insights into fundamental physics. We use a rovibrationally pure sample of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-08-26 Jun Kobayashi , Atsushi Ogino , Shin Inouye
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