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The accurate implementation of quantum gates is essential for the realisation of quantum algorithms and digital quantum simulations. This accuracy may be increased on noisy hardware through the variational optimisation of gates, however the…
We describe how one may go about performing quantum computation with arbitrary "quantum stuff", as long as it has some basic physical properties. Imagine a long strip of stuff, equipped with regularly spaced wires to provide input settings…
Quantum computing is the process of performing calculations using quantum mechanics. This field studies the quantum behavior of certain subatomic particles for subsequent use in performing calculations, as well as for large-scale…
We propose an approach for quantifying a quantum circuit's quantumness as a means to understand the nature of quantum algorithmic speedups. Since quantum gates that do not preserve the computational basis are necessary for achieving quantum…
Given a quantum gate circuit, how does one execute it in a fault-tolerant architecture with as little overhead as possible? In this paper, we discuss strategies for surface-code quantum computing on small, intermediate and large scales.…
Quantum computation has received great attention in recent years for its possible application to difficult problem in classical calculation. Despite the experimental problems of implementing quantum devices, theoretical physicists have…
The purpose of this paper is to explore the applications of quantum computing to energy systems optimization problems and discuss some of the challenges faced by quantum computers with techniques to overcome them. The basic concepts…
Quantum computers (QCs), which work based on the law of quantum mechanics, are expected to be faster than classical computers in several computational tasks such as prime factoring and simulation of quantum many-body systems. In the last…
Numerical simulation is an important method for verifying the quantum circuits used to simulate low-energy nuclear states. However, real-world applications of quantum computing for nuclear theory often generate deep quantum circuits that…
I provide an introduction to quantum computers, describing how they might be realized using language accessible to a solid state physicist. A listing of the minimal requirements for creating a quantum computer is given. I also discuss…
Quantum computers hold the promise to solve certain computational task much more efficiently than classical computers. We review the recent experimental advancements towards a quantum computer with trapped ions. In particular, various…
Superconducting quantum circuit is a promising system for building quantum computer. With this system we demonstrate the universal quantum computations, including the preparing of initial states, the single-qubit operations, the two-qubit…
Simulating molecules is believed to be one of the early-stage applications for quantum computers. Current state-of-the-art quantum computers are limited in size and coherence, therefore optimizing resources to execute quantum algorithms is…
Faster algorithms, novel cryptographic mechanisms, and alternative methods of communication become possible when the model underlying information and computation changes from a classical mechanical model to a quantum mechanical one. Quantum…
The existence of universal quantum computers has been theoretically well established. However, building up a real quantum computer system not only relies on the theory of universality, but also needs methods to satisfy requirements on other…
Recent research has demonstrated that quantum computers can solve certain types of problems substantially faster than the known classical algorithms. These problems include factoring integers and certain physics simulations. Practical…
Quantum state preparation is a crucial process within numerous quantum algorithms, and the need for efficient initialization of quantum registers is ever increasing as demand for useful quantum computing grows. The problem arises as the…
Estimating the ground state energy of a multiparticle system with relative error $\e$ using deterministic classical algorithms has cost that grows exponentially with the number of particles. The problem depends on a number of state…
Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques are used to realize a quantum algorithm experimentally. The algorithm allows a simple NMR quantum computer to determine global properties of an unknown function requiring fewer function ``calls'' than…
As the field of quantum computing grows, novel algorithms which take advantage of quantum phenomena need to be developed. As we are currently in the NISQ (noisy intermediate scale quantum) era, quantum algorithm researchers cannot reliably…