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The Bell inequalities stand at the cornerstone of the developments of quantum theory on both the foundational and applied side. The discussion started as a way to test whether the quantum description of reality is complete or not, but it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Nicolas Gigena , Giovanni Scala , Antonio Mandarino

When three or more particles are considered, quantum correlations can be stronger than the correlations generated by so-called hybrid local hidden variable models, where some of the particles are considered as a single block inside which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Fabian Bernards , Otfried Gühne

One of the conclusions that Bell drew from his famous inequality was that any hidden variable theory that satisfies Local Causality is incompatible with the predictions of Quantum Mechanics for Bell's Experiment. However, Local Causality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Joanna Luc

Fundamental principle of classical physics -- local realism, means that freely chosen observations can be explained by a local (slower than light) real process. It is apparently violated in quantum mechanics as shown by Bell theorem.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-07 Adam Bednorz

It is generally believed that Bell's inequality holds for the case of entangled states, including two correlated particles or special states of a single particle. Here, we derive a single-particle Bell's inequality for two correlated spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Shafiee , M. Golshani

Consequences of relativistic causality for measurements of nonlocal characteristics of composite quantum systems are investigated. It is proved that verification measurements of entangled states necessarily erase local information. A…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Sandu Popescu , Lev Vaidman

Recently many simple principles have been proposed that can explain quantum limitations on possible sets of experimental probabilities in nonlocality and contextuality experiments. However, few implications between these principles are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-10 Joe Henson

Device independent detections of quantum non-locality like Bell-CHSH inequality are important methods to detect quantum non-locality because the whole protocol can be implemented by uncertified local observables. However, this detection is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-17 Hayato Arai , Baichu Yu , Masahito Hayashi

Violation of the CHSH inequality supposedly demonstrates an irreconcilable conflict between quantum mechanics and local, realistic hidden variable theories. We show that the mathematical assumptions underlying the proof of the CHSH…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Andrea Aiello

Quantum theory is known to be nonlocal in the sense that separated parties can perform measurements on a shared quantum state to obtain correlated probability distributions, which cannot be achieved if the parties share only classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 John Matthew Donohue , Elie Wolfe

Quantum theory predicts and experiments confirm that nature can produce correlations between distant events that are nonlocal in the sense of violating a Bell inequality. Nevertheless, Bell's strong sentence {\it Correlations cry out for…

Bell's theorem states that no description of a Bell experiment can be simultaneously local, realistic in the sense of counterfactual definiteness, and free of conspiracy between settings and hidden state. The recent generation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Richard D Gill , Inge S. Helland , Bart Jongejan

The amount of nonlocality in quantum theory is limited compared to that allowed in generalized no-signaling theory [Found. Phys. 24, 379 (1994)]. This feature, for example, gets manifested in the amount of Bell inequality violation as well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-31 Subhadipa Das , Manik Banik , Md. Rajjak Gazi , Ashutosh Rai , Samir Kunkri

Characterization and categorization of quantum correlations are both fundamentally and practically important in quantum information science. Although quantum correlations such as non-separability, steerability, and non-locality can be…

With the Nobel Prize attributed to Aspect, Clauser, and Zeilinger, the international scientific community acknowledged the fundamental importance of the experimental violation of Bell's inequalities. It is however still debated what fails…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-13 Philippe Grangier

The question of whether complex numbers play a fundamental role in quantum theory has been debated since the inception of quantum mechanics. Recently, a feasible proposal to differentiate between real and complex quantum theories based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-12 Jian Yao , Hu Chen , Ya-Li Mao , Zheng-Da Li , Jingyun Fan

Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Palash Pandya , Shubhayan Sarkar , Remigiusz Augusiak

This short article concentrates on the conceptual aspects of the violation of Bell inequalities, and acts as a map to the 265 cited references. The article outlines (a) relevant characteristics of quantum mechanics, such as statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-29 Brian Drummond

The Bell theorem expresses that quantum mechanics is not a local-realistic theory, which is often interpreted as nonlocality of the nature. This result has led to this belief that nonlocality and entanglement are the same resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-17 Akbar Fahmi

Scientific inquiry seeks causal explanations of observed phenomena. The Bell experiment provides a paradigmatic case, revealing correlations between spatially separated systems that no local model can reproduce. Such correlations, known as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Mark Broom , Talel Naccache , Emmanuel M. Pothos , Christoph Gallus , Pawel Blasiak