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We propose a new method for designing quantum search algorithms for finding a "marked" element in the state space of a classical Markov chain. The algorithm is based on a quantum walk \'a la Szegedy (2004) that is defined in terms of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-22 Frédéric Magniez , Ashwin Nayak , Jérémie Roland , Miklos Santha

Searching for an unknown marked vertex on a given graph (also known as spatial search) is an extensively discussed topic in the area of quantum algorithms, with a plethora of results based on different quantum walk models and targeting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Guanzhong Li , Jingquan Luo , Shiguang Feng , Lvzhou Li

We study scattering quantum walks on highly symmetric graphs and use the walks to solve search problems on these graphs. The particle making the walk resides on the edges of the graph, and at each time step scatters at the vertices. All of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-27 Daniel Reitzner , Mark Hillery , Edgar Feldman , Vladimir Buzek

Continuous-time quantum walks are typically effected by either the discrete Laplacian or the adjacency matrix. In this paper, we explore a third option: the signless Laplacian, which has applications in algebraic graph theory and may arise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Molly E. McLaughlin , Thomas G. Wong

Quantum walk has emerged as an essential tool for searching marked vertices on various graphs. Recent advances in the discrete-time quantum walk search algorithm have enabled it to effectively handle multiple marked vertices, expanding its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Pulak Ranjan Giri , Rei Sato , Kazuhiro Saito

We contribute to fulfil the long-lasting gap in the understanding of the spatial search with multiple marked vertices. The theoretical framework is that of discrete-time quantum walks (QW), \textit{i.e.} local unitary matrices that drive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-06 Mathieu Roget , Hachem Kadri , Giuseppe Di Molfetta

The spatial search problem consists in minimizing the number of steps required to find a given site in a network, under the restriction that only oracle queries or translations to neighboring sites are allowed. We propose a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-25 G. Abal , R. Donangelo , M. Forets , R. Portugal

We present several families of graphs that allow both efficient quantum walk implementations and efficient quantum walk based search algorithms. For these graphs, we construct quantum circuits that explicitly implement the full quantum walk…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-08 B. L. Douglas , J. B. Wang

Chakraborty and Leonardo have shown that a spatial search by quantum walk is optimal for almost all graphs. However, we observed that on some graphs, certain states cannot be searched optimally. We present a method for constructing an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-10 Xi Li , Hanwu Chen , Yue Ruan , Mengke Xu , Jianing Tang , Zhihao Liu

We consider the problem of searching a d-dimensional lattice of N sites for a single marked location. We present a Hamiltonian that solves this problem in time of order sqrt(N) for d>2 and of order sqrt(N) log(N) in the critical dimension…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew M. Childs , Jeffrey Goldstone

The "abstract search algorithm" is a well known quantum method to find a marked vertex in a graph. It has been applied with success to searching algorithms for the hypercube and the two-dimensional grid. In this work we provide an example…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-18 F. L. Marquezino , R. Portugal , S. Boettcher

Quantum walks have been very successful in the development of search algorithms in quantum information, in particular in the development of spatial search algorithms. However, the construction of continuous-time quantum search algorithms in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-02 Iain Foulger , Sven Gnutzmann , Gregor Tanner

In quantum computing, the quantum walk search algorithm is designed for locating fixed marked nodes within a graph. However, when multiple marked nodes exist, the conventional search algorithm lacks the capacity to simultaneously amplify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-06 Himanshu Sahu , Kallol Sen

I improve the tight bound on quantum searching by Boyer et al. (quant-ph/9605034) to a matching bound, thus showing that for any probability of success Grovers quantum searching algorithm is optimal. E.g. for near certain success we have to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Christof Zalka

Quantum walks are standard tools for searching graphs for marked vertices, and they often yield quadratic speedups over a classical random walk's hitting time. In some exceptional cases, however, the system only evolves by sign flips,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-05 Thomas G. Wong , Raqueline A. M. Santos

This paper shows how a basic property of unitary transformations can be used for meaningful computations. This approach immediately leads to search-type applications, where it improves the number of steps by a square-root - a simple minded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Lov K. Grover

A quantum walk on a lattice is a paradigm of a quantum search in a database. The database qubit strings are the lattice sites, qubit rotations are tunneling events, and the target site is tagged by an energy shift. For quantum walks on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Emma C. King , Moritz Linnebacher , Peter P. Orth , Matteo Rizzi , Giovanna Morigi

Continuous time quantum walks provide an important framework for designing new algorithms and modelling quantum transport and state transfer problems. Often, the graph representing the structure of a problem contains certain symmetries that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-03 Leonardo Novo , Shantanav Chakraborty , Masoud Mohseni , Hartmut Neven , Yasser Omar

In this work, we consider the spatial search for a general marked state on graphs by continuous time quantum walks. As a simplest case, we compute the amplitude expression of the search for the multi-vertex uniform superposition state on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-04-10 Xi Li , Hanwu Chen , Yue Ruan , Zhihao Liu , Mengke Xu , Jianing Tan

Since Grover's seminal work, quantum search has been studied in great detail. In the usual search problem, we have a collection of n items and we would like to find a marked item. We consider a new variant of this problem in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis