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Related papers: Kelvin-Helmholtz Instabilities in Multi-Sized Dust…

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Dust grains embedded in gas flow give rise to a class of hydrodynamic instabilities that can occur whenever there exists a relative velocity between gas and dust. These instabilities have predominantly been studied for single grain sizes,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-02 Sijme-Jan Paardekooper , Hossam Aly

In this paper, we present an analysis of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in two-dimensional ideal compressible elastic flows, providing a rigorous confirmation that weak elasticity has a destabilizing effect on the Kelvin-Helmholtz…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-09-30 Binqiang Xie , Boling Guo , Bin Zhao

In our previous work (Paper I), we demonstrated that coagulation instability results in dust concentration against depletion due to the radial drift and accelerates dust growth locally. In this work (Paper II), we perform numerical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 Ryosuke T. Tominaga , Hidekazu Tanaka , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

The nonlinear evolution of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is a popular test for code verification. To date, most Kelvin-Helmholtz problems discussed in the literature are ill-posed: they do not converge to any single solution with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-28 Daniel Lecoanet , Michael McCourt , Eliot Quataert , Keaton J. Burns , Geoffrey M. Vasil , Jeffrey S. Oishi , Benjamin P. Brown , James M. Stone , Ryan M. O'Leary

Previous models of dust growth in protoplanetary disks considered either uniformly laminar or turbulent disks. This Letter explores how dust growth occurs in a layered protoplanetary disk in which the magnetorotational instability generates…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fred J. Ciesla

Shattering of dust grains in the interstellar medium is a viable mechanism of small grain production in galaxies. We examine the robustness or uncertainty in the theoretical predictions of shattering. We identify $P_1$ (the critical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Hiroyuki Hirashita , Hiroshi Kobayashi

Instruments achieve sharper and finer observations of micron-in-size dust grains in the top layers of young stellar discs. To provide accurate models, we revisit the theory of dust settling for small grains, when gas stratification, dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-13 Guillaume Laibe , Charles-Edouard Brehier , Maxime Lombart

We have conducted the first comprehensive numerical investigation of the relative velocity distribution of dust particles in self-gravitating protoplanetary discs with a view to assessing the viability of planetesimal formation via direct…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 Richard A. Booth , Cathie J. Clarke

Using two-dimensional simulations, we numerically explore the dependences of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability upon various physical parameters, including viscosity, width of sheared layer, flow speed, and magnetic field strength. In most cases,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Chunlin Tian , Yao Chen

The vertical shear instability (VSI) is a hydrodynamical instability that requires rapid gas cooling and has been suggested to operate in outer regions of protoplanetary disks. The VSI drives turbulence with strong vertical motions, which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Yuya Fukuhara , Satoshi Okuzumi , Tomohiro Ono

We report the finding of a new, local diffusion instability in a protoplanetary disk, which can operate in a dust fluid, subject to mass diffusion, shear viscosity, and dust-gas drag, provided diffusivity, viscosity, or both decrease…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-22 Konstantin Gerbig , Min-Kai Lin , Marius Lehmann

A recent laboratory experiment (Blaauwgeers et al. 2003) suggests that a Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability at the interface between two superfluids, one rotating and anisotropic, the other stationary and isotropic, may trigger sudden…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 A. Mastrano , A. Melatos

In order to circumvent the loss of solid material through radial drift towards the central star, the trapping of dust inside persistent vortices in protoplanetary discs has often been suggested as a process that can eventually lead to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 A. D. Railton , J. C. B. Papaloizou

We investigate the possibility of the growth of magnetorotational instability (MRI) in disks around Class 0 protostars. We construct a disk model and calculate the chemical reactions of neutral and charged atoms, molecules and dust grains…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-12 Yoshihiro Kawasaki , Shunta Koga , Masahiro N. Machida

The evolution of the dust grain size distribution has been studied in recent years with great detail in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations taking into account all the channels under which dust evolves in the interstellar medium. We…

We report the finding of a linear, non-axisymmetric, global instability in gas discs around stars, which may be relevant to other astrophysical discs. It takes the form of an $m=1$ mode that grows in the disc density distribution while the…

Context: The global size and spatial distribution of dust is an important ingredient in the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks and in the formation of larger bodies, such as planetesimals. Aims: We aim to derive simple…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-12 T. Birnstiel , H. Klahr , B. Ercolano

Investigating the dust grain size and its dependence on substructures in protoplanetary disks is a crucial step in understanding the initial process of planet formation. Spectral indices derived from millimeter observations are used as a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-08 Dafa Li , Yao Liu , Hongchi Wang , Min Fang , Lei Wang

We model an imaged Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability on a coronal mass ejecta (CME) in the lower corona by investigating conditions under which kink ($m = 1$) and $m = -3$ magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes in an uniformly twisted flux tube…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-28 I. Zhelyazkov , T. V. Zaqarashvili , R. Chandra

Context. Gas in protoplanetary disks mostly cools via thermal accommodation with dust particles. Thermal relaxation is thus highly sensitive to the local dust size distributions and the spatial distribution of the grains. So far, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-26 Thomas Pfeil , Til Birnstiel , Hubert Klahr