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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a standard approach for improving the reliability of large language models (LLMs). Prior work demonstrates the vulnerability of RAG systems by misleading them into generating attacker-chosen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yanbo Dai , Zhenlan Ji , Zongjie Li , Kuan Li , Shuai Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized how we interact with machines. However, this technological advancement has been paralleled by the emergence of "Mallas," malicious services operating underground that exploit LLMs for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Garrett Crumrine , Izzat Alsmadi , Jesus Guerrero , Yuvaraj Munian

Recent research has shown that large language models (LLMs) are particularly vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Since the release of ChatGPT, various industries are adopting LLM-based chatbots and virtual assistants in their data workflows.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Ivan A. Fernandez , Subash Neupane , Sudip Mittal , Shahram Rahimi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to automated code analysis, enabling tasks such as vulnerability detection and code comprehension. However, their integration introduces novel attack surfaces. In this paper, we identify and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yue Li , Xiao Li , Hao Wu , Yue Zhang , Fengyuan Xu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Sheng Zhong

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized various applications by providing advanced natural language processing capabilities. However, this innovation introduces new cybersecurity challenges. This paper explores the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Stephen Burabari Tete

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable emergent abilities across various tasks, yet fall short of complex reasoning and planning tasks. The tree-search-based reasoning methods address this by surpassing the capabilities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Zhenglin Wang , Jialong Wu , Yilong Lai , Congzhi Zhang , Deyu Zhou

Algorithm portfolio and selection approaches have achieved remarkable improvements over single solvers. However, the implementation of such systems is often highly customised and specific to the problem domain. This makes it difficult for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Lars Kotthoff

The robustness of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) has become increasingly crucial as their applicability expands across various domains and real-world applications. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising solution for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Sukmin Cho , Soyeong Jeong , Jeongyeon Seo , Taeho Hwang , Jong C. Park

Large language model (LLM) systems increasingly power everyday AI applications such as chatbots, computer-use assistants, and autonomous robots, where performance often depends on manually well-crafted prompts. LLM-based prompt optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Andrew Zhao , Reshmi Ghosh , Vitor Carvalho , Emily Lawton , Keegan Hines , Gao Huang , Jack W. Stokes

In nature, the process of cellular growth and differentiation has lead to an amazing diversity of organisms -- algae, starfish, giant sequoia, tardigrades, and orcas are all created by the same generative process. Inspired by the incredible…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Rasmus Berg Palm , Miguel González-Duque , Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

Evolutionary search-based techniques are commonly used for testing autonomous robotic systems. However, these approaches often rely on computationally expensive simulator-based models for test scenario evaluation. To improve the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Dmytro Humeniuk , Foutse Khomh , Giuliano Antoniol

Greybox fuzzing has emerged as a preferred technique for discovering software bugs, striking a balance between efficiency and depth of exploration. While research has focused on improving fuzzing techniques, the importance of high-quality…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Wenxuan Shi , Yunhang Zhang , Xinyu Xing , Jun Xu

There has been emerging interest in using transductive learning for adversarial robustness (Goldwasser et al., NeurIPS 2020; Wu et al., ICML 2020; Wang et al., ArXiv 2021). Compared to traditional defenses, these defense mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Jiefeng Chen , Xi Wu , Yang Guo , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha

This paper proposes new linear regression models to deal with overdispersed binomial datasets. These new models, called tilted beta binomial regression models, are defined from the tilted beta binomial distribution, proposed assuming that…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-26 María Victoria Cifuentes-Amado , Edilberto Cepeda-Cuervo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are seeing significant adoption in every type of organization due to their exceptional generative capabilities. However, LLMs are found to be vulnerable to various adversarial attacks, particularly prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Md. Ahsan Ayub , Subhabrata Majumdar

We review some computer algorithms for the simulation of off-lattice clusters grown from a seed, with emphasis on the diffusion-limited aggregation, ballistic aggregation and Eden models. Only those methods which can be immediately extended…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. G. Alves , S. C. Ferreira , M. L. Martins

This paper introduces a new method for adversarial attacks on large language models (LLMs) called the Single-Turn Crescendo Attack (STCA). Building on the multi-turn crescendo attack method introduced by Russinovich, Salem, and Eldan…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Alan Aqrawi , Arian Abbasi

Current implementations of Gradient Boosting Machines are mostly designed for single-target regression tasks and commonly assume independence between responses when used in multivariate settings. As such, these models are not well suited if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Alexander März

Federated learning is inherently vulnerable to model poisoning attacks because its decentralized nature allows attackers to participate with compromised devices. In model poisoning attacks, the attacker reduces the model's performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Ashwinee Panda , Saeed Mahloujifar , Arjun N. Bhagoji , Supriyo Chakraborty , Prateek Mittal

Finding biologically plausible alternatives to back-propagation of errors is a fundamentally important challenge in artificial neural network research. In this paper, we propose a learning algorithm called error-driven Local Representation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Alexander G. Ororbia , Ankur Mali