Related papers: Structure of transition classes for factor codes o…

Let $\pi$ be a factor code from a one dimensional shift of finite type $X$ onto an irreducible sofic shift $Y$. If $\pi$ is finite-to-one then the number of preimages of a typical point in $Y$ is an invariant called the degree of $\pi$. In…

Generalizing the notion of the degree of a finite-to-one factor code from a shift of finite type, the class degree of a possibly infinite-to-one factor extends many important properties of degree. In this paper, introducing class degree, we…

We define class-closing factor codes from shifts of finite type and show that they are continuing if their images are of finite type. We establish several relations between class-closing factor codes, continuing factor codes and…

Given an irreducible sofic shift X, we show that an an irreducible SFT Y of lower entropy is a factor of X if and only if it is a factor of X by an open bi-continuing code. If these equivalent conditions hold and Y is mixing, then any code…

Given a finite-to-one factor code $\pi: X \to Y$ between irreducible sofic shifts and an ergodic $\nu$ on $Y$ with full support, it is known that the fiber $\pi^{-1}_*(\nu)$ has at most $d_\pi$ ergodic measures in it where $d_\pi$ is the…

Given a factor code $\pi$ from a shift of finite type $X$ onto a sofic shift $Y$, an ergodic measure $\nu$ on $Y$, and a function $V$ on $X$ with summable variation, we prove an invariant upper bound on the number of ergodic measures on $X$…

Given a factor code between sofic shifts X and Y, there is a family of decompositions of the original code into factor codes such that the entropies of the intermediate subshifts arising from the decompositions are dense in the interval…

We investigate what happens when we try to work with continuing block codes (i.e. left or right continuing factor maps) between shift spaces that may not be shifts of finite type. For example, we demonstrate that continuing block codes on…

Topological behavior, such as chaos, irreducibility, and mixing of a one-sided shift of finite type, is well elucidated. Meanwhile, the investigation of multidimensional shifts, for instance, textile systems is difficult and only a few…

Given a code from a shift space to an irreducible sofic shift, any two of the following three conditions -- open, constant-to-one, (right or left) closing -- imply the third. If the range is not sofic, then the same result holds when…

Steadily moving transition (switching) fronts, bringing local transformation, symmetry breaking or collapse, are among the most important dynamic coherent structures. The nonlinear mechanical waves of this type play a major role in many…

Let $\pi$ be a factor map from a one-dimensional mixing shift of finite type $X$ onto a sofic shift $Y$. We investigate when $\pi$ sends Gibbs measures on $X$ to non-Gibbs measures on $Y$.

In the paper, we show that the $B\to\pi$ transition form factor can be calculated by using the different approach in the different $q^2$ regions and they are consistent with each other in the whole physical region. For the $B\to\pi$…

We will show that a system is synchronized if and only if it has a cover whose cover map is semi-open. Also, any factor code on an irreducible sofic shift is semi-open and the image of a synchronized system by a semi-open code is…

We study multidimensional minimal and quasiperiodic shifts of finite type. We prove for these classes several results that were previously known for the shifts of finite type in general, without restriction. We show that some quasiperiodic…

We classify flips of buildings arising from non-degenerate unitary spaces of dimension at least 4 over finite fields of odd characteristic in terms of their action on the underlying vector space. We also construct certain geometries related…

Target class classification is a mixed classification and transition model whose integrated goal is to assign objects to a certain, so called target or normal class. The classification process is iterative, and in each step an object in a…

Periodic-finite-type shifts (PFT's) form a class of sofic shifts that strictly contains the class of shifts of finite type (SFT's). In this paper, we investigate how the notion of "period" inherent in the definition of a PFT causes it to…

The transition form factor of a gamma into three pions $F_{3\pi}$ are studied in a framework of nonlocal chiral quark model. In local limit the result is agreement with chiral perturbative theory and reproduce Wess-Zumino-Witten anomaly.…

We classify certain sofic shifts (the irreducible Point Extension Type, or PET, sofic shifts) up to flow equivalence, using invariants of the canonical Fischer cover. There are two main ingredients: (1) An extension theorem, for extending…