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Nowadays, malware campaigns have reached a high level of sophistication, thanks to the use of cryptography and covert communication channels over traditional protocols and services. In this regard, a typical approach to evade botnet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino

Domain generation algorithm (DGA) is used by botnets to build a stealthy command and control (C&C) communication channel between the C&C server and the bots. A DGA can periodically produce a large number of pseudo-random algorithmically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Zheng Wang

A crucial technical challenge for cybercriminals is to keep control over the potentially millions of infected devices that build up their botnets, without compromising the robustness of their attacks. A single, fixed C&C server, for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Fran Casino , Nikolaos Lykousas , Ivan Homoliak , Constantinos Patsakis , Julio Hernandez-Castro

There is a continuous increase in the sophistication that modern malware exercise in order to bypass the deployed security mechanisms. A typical approach to evade the identification and potential takedown of a botnet command and control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino , Vasilios Katos

An important aspect of many botnets is their capability to generate pseudorandom domain names using Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs). A cyber criminal can register such domains to establish periodically changing rendezvous points with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Nils Weissgerber , Thorsten Jenke , Elmar Padilla , Lilli Bruckschen

Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) are commonly used by botnets to generate domain names through which bots can establish a resilient communication channel with their command and control servers. Recent publications presented deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Lior Sidi , Asaf Nadler , Asaf Shabtai

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are frequently used to generate numerous domains for use by botnets. These domains are often utilized as rendezvous points for servers that malware has command and control over. There are many algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Isaac Corley , Jonathan Lwowski , Justin Hoffman

Malware applications typically use a command and control (C&C) server to manage bots to perform malicious activities. Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are popular methods for generating pseudo-random domain names that can be used to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Raaghavi Sivaguru , Jonathan Peck , Femi Olumofin , Anderson Nascimento , Martine De Cock

DGA-based botnet, which uses Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to evade supervision, has become a part of the most destructive threats to network security. Over the past decades, a wealth of defense mechanisms focusing on domain features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Xin Fang , Xiaoqing Sun , Jiahai Yang , Xinran Liu

Modern malware families often rely on domain-generation algorithms (DGAs) to determine rendezvous points to their command-and-control server. Traditional defence strategies (such as blacklisting domains or IP addresses) are inadequate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-22 Pierre Lison , Vasileios Mavroeidis

IThe botnet is considered as a critical issue of the Internet due to its fast growing mechanism and affect. Recently, Botnets have utilized the DNS and query DNS server just like any legitimate hosts. In this case, it is difficult to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-11-04 Ahmed M. Manasrah , Awsan Hasan , Omar Amer Abouabdalla , Sureswaran Ramadass

Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) are commonly leveraged by malware to create lists of domain names which can be used for command and control (C&C) purposes. Approaches based on machine learning have recently been developed to…

Botnets are now a major source for many network attacks, such as DDoS attacks and spam. However, most traditional detection methods heavily rely on heuristically designed multi-stage detection criteria. In this paper, we consider the neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Jiawei Zhou , Zhiying Xu , Alexander M. Rush , Minlan Yu

Many malware families utilize domain generation algorithms (DGAs) to establish command and control (C&C) connections. While there are many methods to pseudorandomly generate domains, we focus in this paper on detecting (and generating)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-04 Hyrum S. Anderson , Jonathan Woodbridge , Bobby Filar

Botnets represent a global problem and are responsible for causing large financial and operational damage to their victims. They are implemented with evasion in mind, and aim at hiding their architecture and authors, making them difficult…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-11-03 Pedro Camelo , Joao Moura , Ludwig Krippahl

Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) are frequently employed by malware to generate domains used for connecting to command-and-control (C2) servers. Recent work in DGA detection leveraged deep learning architectures like convolutional neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Joewie J. Koh , Barton Rhodes

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are malicious techniques used by malware to dynamically generate seemingly random domain names for communication with Command & Control (C&C) servers. Due to the fast and simple generation of DGA domains,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Md Abu Sayed , Asif Rahman , Christopher Kiekintveld , Sebastian Garcia

Modern malware typically makes use of a domain generation algorithm (DGA) to avoid command and control domains or IPs being seized or sinkholed. This means that an infected system may attempt to access many domains in an attempt to contact…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Ryan R. Curtin , Andrew B. Gardner , Slawomir Grzonkowski , Alexey Kleymenov , Alejandro Mosquera

New malware emerges at a rapid pace and often incorporates Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to avoid blocking the malware's connection to the command and control (C2) server. Current state-of-the-art classifiers are able to separate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Arthur Drichel , Justus von Brandt , Ulrike Meyer

Various families of malware use domain generation algorithms (DGAs) to generate a large number of pseudo-random domain names to connect to a command and control (C&C) server. In order to block DGA C&C traffic, security organizations must…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-04 Jonathan Woodbridge , Hyrum S. Anderson , Anjum Ahuja , Daniel Grant
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