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Motivated by the dynamic assortment offerings and item pricings occurring in e-commerce, we study a general problem of allocating finite inventories to heterogeneous customers arriving sequentially. We analyze this problem under the…
Term pattern matching is the problem of finding all pattern matches in a subject term, given a set of patterns. Finding efficient algorithms for this problem is an important direction for research [19]. We present a new set automaton…
Let A, B, C, D be given finite sets of pairs of n-by-n complex matrices. We describe an algorithm to determine, with finitely many computations, whether there is a single unitary matrix U such that each pair of matrices in A is unitarily…
The main purpose of this paper is to study the NP-complete subset-sum problem, not in the usual context of time-complexity-based classification of the algorithms (exponential/polynomial), but through a new kind of algorithmic classification…
The goal of Ordinal Regression is to find a rule that ranks items from a given set. Several learning algorithms to solve this prediction problem build an ensemble of binary classifiers. Ranking by Projecting uses interdependent binary…
A method is developed for calculating effective sums of divergent series. This approach is a variant of the self-similar approximation theory. The novelty here is in using an algebraic transformation with a power providing the maximal…
For fixed integers $D \geq 0$ and $c \geq 3$, we demonstrate how to use $2$-adic valuation trees of sequences to analyze Diophantine equations of the form $x^2+D=2^cy$ and $x^3+D=2^cy$, for $y$ odd. Further, we show for what values $D \in…
Linear differential equations and recurrences reveal many properties about their solutions. Therefore, these equations are well-suited for representing solutions and computing with special functions. We identify a large class of existing…
Sum-of-squares (SOS) optimization provides a computationally tractable framework for certifying polynomial nonnegativity. If the considered problem is convex, the SOS problem can be transcribed into and solved by semi-definite programs.…
Solutions of a diophantine equation $f(a,b) = g(c,d)$, with $a,b,c,d$ in some finite range, can be efficiently enumerated by sorting the values of $f$ and $g$ in ascending order and searching for collisions. This article considers functions…
Solving arithmetic word problems is a cornerstone task in assessing language understanding and reasoning capabilities in NLP systems. Recent works use automatic extraction and ranking of candidate solution equations providing the answer to…
Let E_n={x_i=1, x_i+x_j=x_k, x_i \cdot x_j=x_k: i,j,k \in {1,...,n}}. For a positive integer n, let f(n) denote the greatest finite total number of solutions of a subsystem of E_n in integers x_1,...,x_n. We prove: (1) the function f is…
This note describes an algorithm for enumerating all the elements in a finite set based on uniformly random sampling from the set. This algorithm can be used for enumeration by fair sampling with quantum annealing. Our algorithm is based on…
The subset sum problem, also referred as SSP, is a NP-Hard computational problem. SSP has its applications in broad domains like cryptography, number theory, operation research and complexity theory. The most famous algorithm for solving…
We derive a closed expression for the number of nonnegative solutions of a certain system of linear Diophantine equations. The motivation comes from high energy physics where the nonnegative solutions play a crucial role in the perturbative…
We use representations and differentiation algorithms of posets, in order to obtain results concerning unsolved problems on figurate numbers. In particular, we present criteria for natural numbers which are the sum of three octahedral…
Recently Kubica et al. (Inf. Process. Let., 2013) and Kim et al. (submitted to Theor. Comp. Sci.) introduced order-preserving pattern matching. In this problem we are looking for consecutive substrings of the text that have the same "shape"…
This paper introduces a deterministic algorithm for solving an instance of the Subset Sum Problem based on a new method entitled the Bipartite Synthesis Method. The algorithm is described and shown to have worst-case limiting performance…
We give a possible explanation for the mystery of a missing number in the statement of a problem that asks for the non-negative integers to be partitioned into three subsets. We interpret the missing number as one of the clues that can lead…
We introduce a new approach for the numerical pricing of American options. The main idea is to choose a finite number of suitable excessive functions (randomly) and to find the smallest majorant of the gain function in the span of these…