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Convolutional layers within graph neural networks operate by aggregating information about local neighbourhood structures; one common way to encode such substructures is through random walks. The distribution of these random walks evolves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Csaba Toth , Darrick Lee , Celia Hacker , Harald Oberhauser

As a nonlinear extension of the graph Laplacian, the graph $p$-Laplacian has various applications in many fields. Due to the nonlinearity, it is very difficult to compute the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of graph $p$-Laplacian. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Chuanyuan Ge , Ouyuan Qin

Many problems in machine learning can be expressed by means of a graph with nodes representing training samples and edges representing the relationship between samples in terms of similarity, temporal proximity, or label information. Graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Laurenz Wiskott , Fabian Schönfeld

We give new, improved bounds for approximating the sparsest cut value or in other words the conductance $\phi$ of a graph in the CONGEST model. As our main result, we present an algorithm running in $O(\log^2 n/\phi)$ rounds in which every…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yannic Maus , Tijn de Vos

In this paper we present a decentralized algorithm to estimate the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix that encodes the network topology of a multi-agent system. We consider network topologies modeled by undirected graphs. The basic idea is…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2012-06-21 Mauro Franceschelli , Andrea Gasparri , Alessandro Giua , Carla Seatzu

Polynomial filtering can provide a highly effective means of computing all eigenvalues of a real symmetric (or complex Hermitian) matrix that are located in a given interval, anywhere in the spectrum. This paper describes a technique for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-29 Ruipeng Li , Yuanzhe Xi , Eugene Vecharynski , Chao Yang , Yousef Saad

A thick-restart Lanczos type algorithm is proposed for Hermitian $J$-symmetric matrices. Since Hermitian $J$-symmetric matrices possess doubly degenerate spectra or doubly multiple eigenvalues with a simple relation between the degenerate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-14 Ken-Ichi Ishikawa , Tomohiro Sogabe

To construct dispersion relations for diffusion or oscillation processes on random networks, it is necessary to obtain effective length scales for the eigenvectors of a graph Laplacian matrix, whose eigenvalues represent inverse time…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-04-30 Per Arne Rikvold

Adversarial actions and a rapid climate change are disrupting operations of infrastructure networks (e.g., energy, water, and transportation systems). Unaddressed disruptions lead to system-wide shutdowns, emphasizing the need for quick and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Rajasekhar Anguluri

We analyze eigenvalues fluctuations of the Laplacian of various networks under the random matrix theory framework. Analyses of random networks, scale-free networks and small-world networks show that nearest neighbor spacing distribution of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Sarika Jalan , Jayendra N. Bandyopadhyay

Algebraic connectivity, the second eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix, is a measure of node and link connectivity on networks. When studying interconnected networks it is useful to consider a multiplex model, where the component networks…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-03-30 Heman Shakeri , Nathan Albin , Faryad Darabi Sahneh , Pietro Poggi-Corradini , Caterina Scoglio

The notion of network connectivity is used to characterize the robustness and failure tolerance of networks, with high connectivity being a desirable feature. In this paper, we develop a novel approach to the problem of identifying critical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-29 Vishaal Krishnan , Sonia Martínez

Eigenvalue interlacing is a versatile technique for deriving results in algebraic combinatorics. In particular, it has been successfully used for proving a number of results about the relation between the (adjacency matrix or Laplacian)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-05 M. A. Fiol

In data science, hypergraphs are natural models for data exhibiting multi-way relations, whereas graphs only capture pairwise. Nonetheless, many proposed hypergraph neural networks effectively reduce hypergraphs to undirected graphs via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Tatyana Benko , Martin Buck , Ilya Amburg , Stephen J. Young , Sinan G. Aksoy

The classic method for computing the spectral decomposition of a real symmetric matrix, the Jacobi algorithm, can be accelerated by using mixed precision arithmetic. The Jacobi algorithm is aiming to reduce the off-diagonal entries…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Zhengbo Zhou

The relationships between eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a product graph and those of its factor graphs have been known for the standard products, while characterization of Laplacian eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Kronecker product of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Milan Bašić , Branko Arsić , Zoran Obradović

Obtaining sparse, interpretable representations of observable data is crucial in many machine learning and signal processing tasks. For data representing flows along the edges of a graph, an intuitively interpretable way to obtain such…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Josef Hoppe , Michael T. Schaub

In this paper, we investigate optimal control of network-coupled subsystems where the dynamics and the cost couplings depend on an underlying undirected weighted graph. The graph coupling matrix in the dynamics may be the adjacency matrix,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Shuang Gao , Aditya Mahajan

The total communicability of a network (or graph) is defined as the sum of the entries in the exponential of the adjacency matrix of the network, possibly normalized by the number of nodes. This quantity offers a good measure of how easily…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-08-21 Francesca Arrigo , Michele Benzi

Many methods have been proposed for community detection in networks. Some of the most promising are methods based on statistical inference, which rest on solid mathematical foundations and return excellent results in practice. In this paper…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-08-13 M. E. J. Newman