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We investigate an application of a mathematically robust minimization method -- the gradient method -- to the consistencization problem of a pairwise comparisons (PC) matrix. Our approach sheds new light on the notion of a priority vector…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Jean-Pierre Magnot , Jiří Mazurek , Viera Čerňanová

A distance-based inconsistency indicator, defined by the third author for the consistency-driven pairwise comparisons method, is extended to the incomplete case. The corresponding optimization problem is transformed into an equivalent…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-11 S. Bozoki , J. Fulop , W. W. Koczkodaj

Incomplete pairwise comparison matrices are increasingly employed to save resources and reduce cognitive load by collecting only a subset of all possible pairwise comparisons. We present their graph representation and some completion…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-30 László Csató , Sándor Bozóki

Incomplete pairwise comparison matrices offer a natural way of expressing preferences in decision making processes. Although ordinal information is crucial, there is a bias in the literature: cardinal models dominate. Ordinal models usually…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-15 Luca Faramondi , Gabriele Oliva , Sándor Bozóki

We describe a framework for random pairwise comparisons matrices, inspired by selected constructions releted to the so called inconsistency reduction of pairwise comparisons (PC) matrices. In to build up structures on random pairwise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Jean-Pierre Magnot

This study presents special cases of inconsistent pairwise comparisons PC matrices and analysis of their eigenvalue-based inconsistency index using mathematical methods. All studied special cases of PC matrices are Toeplitz matrices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-01 Viera Čerňanová , Waldemar W. Koczkodaj

Mathematical analysis of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) led to the development of a mathematical function, usually called the inconsistency index, which has the center role in measuring the inconsistency of the judgements in AHP.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Sangeeta Pant , Anuj Kumar , Jiří Mazurek

Estimating missing judgements is a key component in many multi-criteria decision making techniques, especially in the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Inspired by the Koczkodaj inconsistency index and a widely used solution concept of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-19 Kolos Csaba Ágoston , László Csató

The pairwise comparisons method is a convenient tool used when the relative order among different concepts (alternatives) needs to be determined. One popular implementation of the method is based on solving an eigenvalue problem for the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-09-25 Konrad Kułakowski

Pairwise comparisons are widely used in decision analysis, preference modeling, and evaluation problems. In many practical situations, the observed comparison matrix is not reciprocal. This lack of reciprocity is often treated as a defect…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-07 Jean-Pierre Magnot

In this study, a pairwise comparison matrix is generalized to the case when coefficients create Lie group $G$, non necessarily abelian. A necessary and sufficient criterion for pairwise comparisons matrices to be consistent is provided.…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-07-12 Waldemar W. Koczkodaj , Jean-Pierre Magnot

Assessing consistency in Pairwise Comparison Matrices (PCMs) within the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) poses significant challenges when using the traditional Consistency Ratio (CR) method. This study introduces a novel alternative that…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-13 Amarnath Bose

One of the major challenges for collective intelligence is inconsistency, which is unavoidable whenever subjective assessments are involved. Pairwise comparisons allow one to represent such subjective assessments and to process them by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-08-06 J. Fueloep , W. W. Koczkodaj , S. J. Szarek

Convergent Cross-Mapping (CCM) is a technique for computing specific kinds of correlations between sets of times series. It was introduced by Sugihara et al. and is reported to be "a necessary condition for causation" capable of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-12-02 James M. McCracken , Robert S. Weigel

We consider the simultaneous clustering of rows and columns of a matrix and more particularly the ability to measure the agreement between two co-clustering partitions. The new criterion we developed is based on the Adjusted Rand Index and…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-16 Valerie Robert , Yann Vasseur , Vincent Brault

This study presents an abelian group approach to analyzing inconsistency in pairwise comparisons. However, it wrongly assumes that an inconsistency indicator can take values in any abelian linearly ordered group. The followup publication…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-12-27 W. W. Koczkodaj , J. Szybowski , E. Wajch

An overview of current debates and contemporary research devoted to the modeling of decision making processes and their facilitation directs attention to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). At the core of the AHP are various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Paul Thaddeus Kazibudzki

We analyze the structure of the disagreement among a population of voters over a set of alternatives. Surveys typically ask either for pairwise comparisons, simple and intuitive for participants, or full rankings over alternatives,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mohamed Ouaguenouni , Felipe Garrido-Lucero , Umberto Grandi , César Hidalgo , Magdalena Tydrichova

Linear stochastic transitivity is a central assumption in paired comparison models that is rarely verified in practice. Empirical violations, however, are common and can substantially affect inference and ranking. We develop a class of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-02 Rahul Singh , Ori Davidov

Several methods of preference modeling, ranking, voting and multi-criteria decision making include pairwise comparisons. It is usually simpler to compare two objects at a time, furthermore, some relations (e.g., the outcome of sports…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-04 László Gyarmati , Éva Orbán-Mihálykó , Csaba Mihálykó , Sándor Bozóki , Zsombor Szádoczki