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We study the semiparametric efficient estimation of a class of linear functionals in settings where a complete multivariate dataset is supplemented by additional datasets recording subsets of the variables of interest. These datasets are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Thomas B. Berrett

We combine Wooley's efficient congruencing method with earlier work of Vinogradov and Hua to get effective bounds on Vinogradov's mean value theorem.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-19 Raphael S. Steiner

We use elementary arguments to prove results on the order of magnitude of certain sums concerning the gcd's and lcm's of $k$ positive integers, where $k\ge 2$ is fixed. We refine and generalize an asymptotic formula of Bordell\`{e}s (2007),…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-06 Titus Hilberdink , Florian Luca , László Tóth

This paper develops the asymptotic theory of a Fully Modified Generalized Least Squares estimator for multivariate cointegrating polynomial regressions. Such regressions allow for deterministic trends, stochastic trends and integer powers…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-10 Yicong Lin , Hanno Reuvers

We study a new two-time-scale stochastic gradient method for solving optimization problems, where the gradients are computed with the aid of an auxiliary variable under samples generated by time-varying MDPs controlled by the underlying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Sihan Zeng , Thinh T. Doan , Justin Romberg

The classical continuous finite element method with Lagrangian $Q^k$ basis reduces to a finite difference scheme when all the integrals are replaced by the $(k+1)\times (k+1)$ Gauss-Lobatto quadrature. We prove that this finite difference…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-23 Hao Li , Xiangxiong Zhang

We give results on the asymptotic in Waring's problem over function fields that are stronger than the results obtained over the integers using the main conjecture in Vinogradov's mean value theorem. Similar estimates apply to Manin's…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Will Sawin

Matrix square roots and their inverses arise frequently in machine learning, e.g., when sampling from high-dimensional Gaussians $\mathcal{N}(\mathbf 0, \mathbf K)$ or whitening a vector $\mathbf b$ against covariance matrix $\mathbf K$.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Geoff Pleiss , Martin Jankowiak , David Eriksson , Anil Damle , Jacob R. Gardner

Entropy regularized Markov decision processes have been widely used in reinforcement learning. This paper is concerned with the primal-dual formulation of the entropy regularized problems. Standard first-order methods suffer from slow…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Haoya Li , Hsiang-fu Yu , Lexing Ying , Inderjit Dhillon

We apply a method of Davenport to improve several estimates for slim exceptional sets associated with the asymptotic formula in Waring's problem. In particular, we show that the anticipated asymptotic formula in Waring's problem for sums of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-08 Koichi Kawada , Trevor D. Wooley

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) have recently become popular among many AI researchers because they serve as a natural model for planning under uncertainty. Value iteration is a well-known algorithm for finding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 N. L. Zhang , W. Zhang

Recent work has shown a deep connection between semilocal approximations in density functional theory and the asymptotics of the sum of the WKB semiclassical expansion for the eigenvalues. However, all examples studied to date have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 Pavel Okun , Kieron Burke

We present a new gradient-like dynamical system related to unconstrained convex smooth multiobjective optimization which involves inertial effects and asymptotic vanishing damping. To the best of our knowledge, this system is the first…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Konstantin Sonntag , Sebastian Peitz

In this paper, we propose a proximal gradient method and an accelerated proximal gradient method for solving composite optimization problems, where the objective function is the sum of a smooth and a convex, possibly nonsmooth, function. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Raghu Bollapragada , Shagun Gupta

The gradient expansion of the kinetic energy functional, when applied for atoms or finite systems, usually grossly overestimates the energy in the fourth order and generally diverges in the sixth order. We avoid the divergence of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-28 A. Sergeev , R. Jovanovic , S. Kais , F. H. Alharbi

We provide new gradient-based methods for efficiently solving a broad class of ill-conditioned optimization problems. We consider the problem of minimizing a function $f : \mathbb{R}^d \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ which is implicitly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-08 Jonathan Kelner , Annie Marsden , Vatsal Sharan , Aaron Sidford , Gregory Valiant , Honglin Yuan

We analyze the convergence of the Conjugate Gradient (CG) method in exact arithmetic, when the coefficient matrix $A$ is symmetric positive semidefinite and the system is consistent. To do so, we diagonalize $A$ and decompose the algorithm…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Ken Hayami

In this paper we propose a multiscale method for the acoustic wave equation in highly oscillatory media. We use a higher-order extension of the localized orthogonal decomposition method combined with a higher-order time stepping scheme and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Felix Krumbiegel , Roland Maier

The complete elliptic integral of the first and second kind, K(k) and E(k), appear in a multitude of physics and engineering applications. Because there is no known closed-form, the exact values have to be computed numerically. Here,…

General Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Teepanis Chachiyo

In this paper, we develop a unified framework able to certify both exponential and subexponential convergence rates for a wide range of iterative first-order optimization algorithms. To this end, we construct a family of parameter-dependent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-26 Mahyar Fazlyab , Alejandro Ribeiro , Manfred Morari , Victor M. Preciado