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Interferences in multi-path systems for single and multiple particles are theoretically analyzed. A holistic method is presented, which allows to construct the unitary transition matrix describing interferometers for any port number d and…
Upon entangling a spatial binary alternative of a photon with its polarization, one can use single photons to study arbitrary 2-qubit states. Sending the photon through a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, equipped with sets of wave plates that…
We propose an experimental setup that is capable of unambiguously discriminating any pair of linearly independent single photon polarization qubits, about which we don't have any knowledge except that an extra pair of these unknown states…
The evolution of quantum light through linear optical devices can be described by the scattering matrix $S$ of the system. For linear optical systems with $m$ possible modes, the evolution of $n$ input photons is given by a unitary matrix…
One of the main problems that optical quantum computing has to overcome is the efficient construction of two-photon gates. Theoretically these gates can be realized using Kerr-nonlinearities, but the techniques involved are experimentally…
Unitary transformations are the fundamental building blocks of gates and operations in quantum information processing allowing the complete manipulation of quantum systems in a coherent manner. In the case of photons, optical elements that…
We demonstrate a method for general linear optical networks that allows one to factorize any SU($n$) matrix in terms of two SU($n-1)$ blocks coupled by an SU(2) entangling beam splitter. The process can be recursively continued in an…
General-purpose programmable photonic processors provide a versatile platform for integrating diverse functionalities on a single chip. Leveraging a two-dimensional hexagonal waveguide mesh of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, these systems…
Nonlinear optics underpins quantum photonics by enabling the generation and control of quantum states of light. We present new applications of optical resonators as mode selectors in nonlinear processes. First, we show that cavity-enhanced…
An outstanding goal in quantum optics is the realization of fast optical non-linearities at the single-photon level. Such non-linearities would allow for the realization of optical devices with new functionalities such as a single-photon…
In linear optics, photons are scattered in a network through passive optical elements including beamsplitters and phase shifters, leading to many intriguing applications in physics, such as Mach-Zehnder interferometry, Hong-Ou-Mandel…
We develop a universal approach enabling the study of any multimode quantum optical system evolving under a quadratic Hamiltonian. Our strategy generalizes the standard symplectic analysis and permits the treatment of multimode systems even…
Using symmetry considerations, we derive a unitary scattering matrix for a three-port optical Y-coupler or Y-branch. The result is shown to be unique up to external phase shifts. Unlike traditional passive linear-optical one-way splitters,…
Linear optical elements are pivotal instruments in the manipulation of classical and quantum states of light. The vast progress in integrated quantum photonic technology enables the implementation of large numbers of such elements on chip…
The optical beam splitter is a widely-used device in photonics-based quantum information processing. Specifically, linear optical networks demand large numbers of beam splitters for unitary matrix realization. This requirement comes from…
The concept of directionally unbiased optical multiports is introduced, in which photons may reflect back out the input direction. A linear-optical implementation is described, and the simplest three-port version studied. Symmetry arguments…
Beamsplitters represent fundamental components in both classical and quantum optical systems, enabling the distribution of light, as well as the generation of interference, superposition and entanglement. However, optical networks…
Linear optical quantum computing provides a desirable approach to quantum computing, with a short list of required elements. The similarity between photons and phonons points to the interesting potential for linear mechanical quantum…
Temporal waveform manipulation is a fundamental functionality in optics and crucial for applications like optical communications, microwave photonics and quantum optics. Traditional IQ- or phase-amplitude modulators shape light by carving…
Universal quantum gates lie at the heart of designing quantum computer. We construct two compact quantum circuits to implement post-selected controlled-phase-flip (CPF) gate and Toffoli gate with linear optics assisted by one and two single…