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Related papers: The (Nested) Word Problem

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We find polynomial-time solutions to the word problem for free-by-cyclic groups, the word problem for automorphism groups of free groups, and the membership problem for the handlebody subgroup of the mapping class group. All of these…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Saul Schleimer

A common use of language is to refer to visually present objects. Modelling it in computers requires modelling the link between language and perception. The "words as classifiers" model of grounded semantics views words as classifiers of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-06 David Schlangen , Sina Zarriess , Casey Kennington

Recent studies have revealed a security threat to natural language processing (NLP) models, called the Backdoor Attack. Victim models can maintain competitive performance on clean samples while behaving abnormally on samples with a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Wenkai Yang , Lei Li , Zhiyuan Zhang , Xuancheng Ren , Xu Sun , Bin He

We study the question of which visibly pushdown languages (VPLs) are in the complexity class $\mathsf{AC}^0$ and how to effectively decide this question. Our contribution is to introduce a particular subclass of one-turn VPLs, called…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Stefan Göller , Nathan Grosshans

We propose a novel generative model to explore both local and global context for joint learning topics and topic-specific word embeddings. In particular, we assume that global latent topics are shared across documents, a word is generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Lixing Zhu , Yulan He , Deyu Zhou

We describe and experimentally evaluate a method for automatically clustering words according to their distribution in particular syntactic contexts. Deterministic annealing is used to find lowest distortion sets of clusters. As the…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Fernando Pereira , Naftali Tishby , Lillian Lee

From the latter half of the last decade, there has been a growing interest in developing algorithms for automatically solving mathematical word problems (MWP). It is a challenging and unique task that demands blending surface level text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Sowmya S Sundaram , Sairam Gurajada , Marco Fisichella , Deepak P , Savitha Sam Abraham

Solving text classification in a weakly supervised manner is important for real-world applications where human annotations are scarce. In this paper, we propose to query a masked language model with cloze style prompts to obtain supervision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Ziqian Zeng , Weimin Ni , Tianqing Fang , Xiang Li , Xinran Zhao , Yangqiu Song

We study the problem of jointly reasoning about language and vision through a navigation and spatial reasoning task. We introduce the Touchdown task and dataset, where an agent must first follow navigation instructions in a real-life visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Howard Chen , Alane Suhr , Dipendra Misra , Noah Snavely , Yoav Artzi

Natural language is among the most accessible tools for explaining decisions to humans, and large pretrained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive abilities to generate coherent natural language explanations (NLE). The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zining Zhu , Haoming Jiang , Jingfeng Yang , Sreyashi Nag , Chao Zhang , Jie Huang , Yifan Gao , Frank Rudzicz , Bing Yin

The emergence of unsupervised word embeddings, pre-trained on very large monolingual text corpora, is at the core of the ongoing neural revolution in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Initially introduced for English, such pre-trained word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Guillem Ramírez , Rumen Dangovski , Preslav Nakov , Marin Soljačić

For a natural language problem that requires some non-trivial reasoning to solve, there are at least two ways to do it using a large language model (LLM). One is to ask it to solve it directly. The other is to use it to extract the facts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Fangzhen Lin , Ziyi Shou , Chengcai Chen

We address the problem of automatically constructing a thesaurus (hierarchically clustering words) based on corpus data. We view the problem of clustering words as that of estimating a joint distribution over the Cartesian product of a…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Hang Li , Naoki Abe

Learning word embeddings has received a significant amount of attention recently. Often, word embeddings are learned in an unsupervised manner from a large collection of text. The genre of the text typically plays an important role in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Wei Yang , Wei Lu , Vincent W. Zheng

We analyze a word embedding method in supervised tasks. It maps words on a sphere such that words co-occurring in similar contexts lie closely. The similarity of contexts is measured by the distribution of substitutes that can fill them. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-07-28 Volkan Cirik , Deniz Yuret

The way the words are used evolves through time, mirroring cultural or technological evolution of society. Semantic change detection is the task of detecting and analysing word evolution in textual data, even in short periods of time. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Matej Martinc , Syrielle Montariol , Elaine Zosa , Lidia Pivovarova

Determining the intended sense of words in text - word sense disambiguation (WSD) - is a long standing problem in natural language processing. Recently, researchers have shown promising results using word vectors extracted from a neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Dayu Yuan , Julian Richardson , Ryan Doherty , Colin Evans , Eric Altendorf

We present a language independent, unsupervised approach for transforming word embeddings from source language to target language using a transformation matrix. Our model handles the problem of data scarcity which is faced by many languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Syed Sarfaraz Akhtar , Arihant Gupta , Avijit Vajpayee , Arjit Srivastava , Madan Gopal Jhawar , Manish Shrivastava

We consider some questions about formal languages that arise when inverses of letters, words and languages are defined. The reduced representation of a language over the free monoid is its unique equivalent representation in the free group.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-10-26 Thomas Ang , Giovanni Pighizzini , Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit

We prove that, for a finitely generated group hyperbolic relative to virtually abelian subgroups, the generalised word problem for a parabolic subgroup is the language of a real-time Turing machine. Then, for a hyperbolic group, we show…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-07 Laura Ciobanu , Derek Holt , Sarah Rees